Physical Science Final Exam Study Guide

Question 1

Forms of Energy

Answer 1

chemical, electrical, potential, kinetic, mechanical, thermal, nuclear, elastic potential

Question 2

Ring of fire

Answer 2

Heat, fuel, oxygen

Question 3

Centripetal force

Answer 3

a force that moves or is moving in a circular path

Question 4

Three main parts of an atom

Answer 4

Electron, Proton, and neutron

Question 5

What is the universal solvent

Answer 5

Water

Question 6

Catalyst

Answer 6

a chemical that speeds up chemical reactions

Question 7

Inhibitor

Answer 7

chemical or biological molecules that regulate chemical reactions by slowing down or blocking them from occurring

Question 8

Weight

Answer 8

the measure of the force of gravity acting on a body.

Question 9

Mass

Answer 9

The amount of matter in an object

Question 10

Gravity

Answer 10

A force that pulls objects down to earth

Question 11

Momentum

Answer 11

strength or force gained by motion or by a series of events

Question 11

Motion

Answer 11

Change of potion compared to a reference point

Question 11

Inertia

Answer 11

An object in motion that stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.

Question 11

Speed

Answer 11

how fast an object is moving. (Distance and time affect speed)

Question 12

Three forms of heat transfer

Answer 12

conduction, radiation, and convection.

Question 13

Subscript

Answer 13

small-sized number on the bottom right of the symbol. It refers to the number of atoms of the element. If the subscript appears on the bottom left of the symbol, it gives the element’s atomic number.

Question 13

Three temperature scales

Answer 13

Calvin, Celsius, and Fahrenheit

Question 13

Ion

Answer 13

an atom or group of atoms that carries a positive or negative electric charge as a result of having lost or gained one or more electrons

Question 14

How is the periodic table set up?

Answer 14

The chemical elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.

Question 15

Covalent Bond

Answer 15

A chemical bond formed when electrons are shared between two atoms.

Question 16

Ionic Bond

Answer 16

a chemical bond formed when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom. I

Question 17

What do waves transfer

Answer 17

Energy

Question 18

Crescent Wave

Answer 18

The highest surface part of a wave

Question 19

Trough wave

Answer 19

the lowest part of a wave

Question 20

Wavelength

Answer 20

the distance from one crest to another, or from one trough to another, of a wave

Question 21

What is the most visible color on the spectrum

Answer 21

Green

Question 22

What are the colors on the spectrum

Answer 22

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet,

Question 23

What is chemical energy

Answer 23

the energy which is stored in the bonds of chemical compounds (molecules and atoms)

Question 24

Electric energy

Answer 24

the power an atom's charged particles have to cause an action or move an object

Question 25

Potential energy

Answer 25

Energy at rest

Question 26

Kinetic energy

Answer 26

Energy in motion

Question 27

Thermal energy

Answer 27

the energy contained within a system that is responsible for its temperature

Question 28

Mechanical Energy

Answer 28

the energy of either an object in motion or the energy that is stored in objects by their position

Question 29

Nuclear energy

Answer 29

a form of energy released from the nucleus, the core of atoms, made up of protons and neutrons

Question 30

Elastic potential energy

Answer 30

energy stored as a result of applying a force to deform an elastic object

Question 31

Chemical reaction

Answer 31

Energy is absorbed to break bonds, and energy is evolved as bonds are made

Question 32

Physical reaction

Answer 32

A change of state, meaning changing a substance from one state, solid, liquid, gas, to another

Question 33

What light can people see

Answer 33

Visible light (white light)

Question 34

Force

Answer 34

A push or pull

Question 35

If you are high on a mountain does pressure increase or decrease.

Answer 35

Decreased

Question 36

If you are deep in the ocean does pressure increase or decrease

Answer 36

Increased

Question 37

What is the SI unit of force

Answer 37

The SI unit of force is the newton, symbol N.

Question 38

What are fluids

Answer 38

Gases and liquids

Question 39

Four types of friction

Answer 39

Sliding, rolling, static, fluid

Question 40

Bernoulli’s Principal

Answer 40

as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by that fluid decreases.

Question 41

Pascal’s Principal

Answer 41

Pascal's law states that when there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an equal increase at every other point in the container.

Question 42

Archimedes Principal

Answer 42

The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.