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CompTIA Security+ (SY0-701, IN-WORK) > Physical Security > Flashcards

Physical Security Flashcards

Objectives 1.2 and 2.4 (68 cards)

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1
Q

Define / Explain

Physical Security

Physical Security

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A

Measures to protect tangible assets (buildings, equipment, people) from harm or unauthorized access

Physical Security

Define / Explain

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2
Q

Define / Explain

Bollards

Physical Security

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A

Short, sturdy vertical posts controlling or preventing vehicle access

Physical Security

Define / Explain

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3
Q

Define / Explain

Fences

Physical Security

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A

Barriers made of posts and wire or boards to enclose or separate areas

Physical Security

Define / Explain

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4
Q

Informational

Bruce Force Attacks

Physical Security

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A
  • Forcible entry
  • Tampering with security devices
  • Confronting security personnel
  • Ramming a barrier with a vehicle

Physical Security

Informational

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5
Q

Define / Explain

Surveillance Systems

Physical Security

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A

An organized strategy to observe and report activities

Physical Security

Define / Explain

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6
Q

Informational

Surveillance Systems Components

Physical Security

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A
  • Video surveillance
  • Security guards
  • Lighting
  • Sensors

Physical Security

Informational

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7
Q

Define / Explain

Access Control Vestibules

Physical Security

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A
  • Double-door system electronically controlled to allow only one door to open at a time
  • Prevents piggybacking and tailgating

Physical Security

Define / Explain

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8
Q

Informational / List

Door Locks

Physical Security

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A
  • Padlocks
  • Pin and tumbler locks
  • Numeric locks
  • Wireless locks
  • Biometric locks
  • Cipher locks
  • Electronic access control systems

Physical Security

Informational / List

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9
Q

Define / Explain

Access Badges

Physical Security

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A

Use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) or Near Field Communication (NFC) for access

Physical Security

Define / Explain

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10
Q

Define / Explain

Fence

Fencing and Bollards

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts

A
  • Structure that encloses an area using interconnected panels or posts
  • Provides a visual deterrent by defining a boundary that should not be violated by unauthorized personnel
  • Establish a physical barrier against unauthorized entry
  • Effectively delay intruders which helps provide our security personnel a longer window of time to react

Fencing and Bollards

Define / Explain

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11
Q

Informational

Fencing…

Fencing and Bollards

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts

A

is considered to be more adaptable and well-suited for safeguarding large perimeters around the entire building

Fencing and Bollards

Informational

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12
Q

Define / Explain

Bollards

Fencing and Bollards

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts

A

Robust, short vertical posts, typically made of steel or concrete, that are designed to manage or redirect vehicular traffic

Fencing and Bollards

Define / Explain

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13
Q

Informational

Bollards…

Fencing and Bollards

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts

A

are designed to counter vehicular threats in a specific area

Fencing and Bollards

Informational

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14
Q

Define / Explain

Brute Force

Attacking with Brute Force

Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A

Type of attack where access to a system is gained by simply trying all of the possibilities until you break through

Attacking with Brute Force

Define / Explain

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15
Q

Informational / List

Forcible Entry

Attacking with Brute Force

Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A
  • Act of gaining unauthorized access to a space by physically breaking or bypassing its barriers, such as windows, doors, or fences
  • Use high-strength doors with deadbolt locks, metal frames, or a solid core

Attacking with Brute Force

Informational / List

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16
Q

Informational / List

Tampering with security devices

Attacking with Brute Force

Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A
  • Involves manipulating security devices to create new vulernabilities that can be exploited
  • To protect against tampering with security devices, have redundancy in physical security measures

Attacking with Brute Force

Informational / List

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17
Q

Informational / List

Confronting security personnel

Attacking with Brute Force

Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A
  • Involves the direct confrontation or attack of your organization’s security personnel
  • Security personnel should undergo rigorous conflict resolution and self-defense training to mitigate risks

Attacking with Brute Force

Informational / List

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18
Q

Informational / List

Ramming barriers with vehicles

Attacking with Brute Force

Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity

A
  • Uses a car, truck, or other motorized vehicle to ram into the organization’s physical security barriers, such as a fence, a gate, or even the side of your building
  • Install bollards or reinforced barriers to prevent vehicles from driving in your facilities

Attacking with Brute Force

Informational / List

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19
Q

Define / Explain

Surveillance System

Surveillance Systems

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts

A

Organized strategy or setup designed to observe and report activities in a given area

Surveillance Systems

Define / Explain

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20
Q

Informational

Surveillance is often comprised of four main categories…

Surveillance Systems

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts

A
  • Video Surveillance
  • Security Guards
  • Lighting
  • Sensors

Surveillance Systems

Informational

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21
Q

Informational

Video Surveillance can include the following…

Surveillance Systems

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts

A
  • Motion detection
  • Night vision
  • Facial recognition

Surveillance Systems

Informational

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22
Q

Informational

Video Surveillance provides…

Surveillance Systems

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts

A
  • Remote access
  • Real-time visual feedback
  • A wired solution security camera with a physical cable from the device back to the central monitoring station
  • A wireless solution which relies on Wi-Fi to send its signal back to the central monitoring station

Surveillance Systems

Informational

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23
Q

Define / Explain

Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) System

Surveillance Systems

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts

A

Can move the camera or its angle to better detect issues during an intrustion

Surveillance Systems

Define / Explain

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24
Q

Informational

Best places to have cameras…

Surveillance Systems

Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts

A
  • Data center
  • Telecommunications closets
  • Entrance or exit areas

Surveillance Systems

Informational

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25
# Informational Security Guards | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
* Flexible and adaptable forms of surveillance that organizations use * Helps to reassure your staff or your customers that they are safe | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Informational
26
# Informational Lighting | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
* Proper lighting is crucial for conducting effective surveillance using both video and security guards * If you create well-lit areas, this can deter criminals, reduce shadows and hiding spots, and enhance the quality of your video recordings | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Informational
27
# Define / Explain Sensors | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Devices that detect and respond to external stimuli or changes in the environment | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Define / Explain
28
# Informational There are four categories of sensors... | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
* Infared Sensors * Pressure Sensors * Microwave Sensors * Ultrasonic Sensors | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Informational
29
# Define / Explain Infared Sensors | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Detect changes in infared radiation that is often emitted by warm bodies like humans or animals | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Define / Explain
30
# Define / Explain Pressure Sensors | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Activated whenever a specified minimum amount of weight is detected on the sensor that is embedded into the floor or a mat | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Define / Explain
31
# Define / Explain Microwave Sensors | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Detect movement in an area by emitting microwave pulses and measuring their reflection off moving objects | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Define / Explain
32
# Define / Explain Ultrasonic Sensors | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Measures the reflection of ultrasonic waves off moving objects | Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Define / Explain
33
# Informational Different methods used by attackers to bypass surveillance systems... | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
* Visual Obstruction * Blinding Sensors and Cameras * Interfering with Acoustics * Interfering with Electromagnetic (EMI) * Attacking the Physical Environment | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Informational
34
# Define / Explain Visual Obstruction | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
Blocking the camera's line of sight | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Define / Explain
35
# Informational Visual Obstruction can involve the following... | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
* Spraying paint or foam onto the camera lens * Placing a sticker or tape over the lens * Positioning objects like balloons or umbrellas in front of the camera to block its view | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Informational
36
# Define / Explain Blinding Sensors and Cameras | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
Involves overwhelming the sensor or camera with a sudden burst of light to render it ineffective for a limited period of time | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Define / Explain
37
# Define / Explain Interfering with Acoustics | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
* Acoustic systems are designed to listen to the environment to detect if someone is in the area or to eavesdrop on their conversations * Jamming or playing loud music to disrupt the microphone's functionality | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Define / Explain
38
# Define / Explain Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
Involves jamming the signals that surveillance system relies on to monitor the environment | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Define / Explain
39
# Define / Explain Attacking the Physical Environment | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
Exploit the environment around the surveillance equipment to compromise their functionality | Bypassing Surveillance Systems ## Footnote Define / Explain
40
# Define / Explain Access Control Vestibules | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Double-door system that is designed with two doors that are electronically controlled to ensure that only one door can be open at a given time | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Define / Explain
41
# Define / Explain Piggybacking | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Involves two people working together with one person who has legitimate access intentionally allows another person who doesn't have proper authorization to enter a secure area with them | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Define / Explain
42
# Define / Explain Tailgating | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Occurs whenever an unauthorized person closely follows someone through the access control vestibule who has legitimate access into the secure space without their knowledge or consent | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Define / Explain
43
# Informational Piggybacking | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Piggybacking uses social engineering to gain consent of the person with legitimate access | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Informational
44
# Informational Tailgating | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Tailgating doesn't use or obtain the consent of the person with legitimate access | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Informational
45
# Informational Access control vestibules... | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
are usually integrated with electronic badges and operated by a security guard at the entrance to a secure facility or office building | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Informational
46
# Define / Explain Badges contain... | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
* Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) * Near-field Communication (NFC) * Magnetic strips | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Define / Explain
47
# Informational Security guards are often at access control vestibules because they provide... | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
* Visual deterrent * Assistance * Check identity * Response | Access Control Vestibules ## Footnote Informational
48
# Define / Explain Door Locks | Door Locks ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Critical physical security control measure designed to restrict and regulate access to specific spaces or properties, preventing unauthorized intrusions and safeguarding sensitive data and individuals | Door Locks ## Footnote Define / Explain
49
# List Types of Door Locks | Door Locks ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
* Traditional Padlocks * Basic Door Locks * Modern Electronic Door Locks * Cipher Locks | Door Locks ## Footnote List
50
# Define / Explain Traditional Padlocks | Door Locks ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Easily defeated and offer minimal protection | Door Locks ## Footnote Define / Explain
51
# Define / Explain Basic Door Locks | Door Locks ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Vulnerable to simple techniques like lock picking | Door Locks ## Footnote Define / Explain
52
# List Modern Electronic Door Locks | Door Locks - Authentication Methods ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
* Identification Numbers * Wireless Signals * Biometrics | Door Locks - Authentication Methods ## Footnote List
53
# Define / Explain Identification Numbers | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Authentication Methods ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Require entry of a unique code, providing a balance of security and convenience | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Authentication Methods ## Footnote Define / Explain
54
# Define / Explain Wireless Signals | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Authentication Methods ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Utilize technologies like NFC, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or RFID for unlocking | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Authentication Methods ## Footnote Define / Explain
55
# Define / Explain Biometrics | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Authentication Methods ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
Rely on physical characteristics like fingerprints, retinal scans, or facial recognition for authentication | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Authentication Methods ## Footnote Define / Explain
56
# Define / Explain False Acceptance Rate (FAR) | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Biometric Challenges ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
* Occurs when the system erroneously authenticates an unauthorized user * Lower FAR by increasing scanner sensitivity | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Biometric Challenges ## Footnote Define / Explain
57
# Define / Explain False Rejection Rate (FRR) | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Biometric Challenges ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
* Denies access to an unauthorized user * Increasing sensitivity can increase FRR | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Biometric Challenges ## Footnote Define / Explain
58
# Define / Explain Crossover Error Rate (CER) Equal Error Rate (EER) | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Biometric Challenges ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
A balance between FAR and FRR for optimal authentication effectiveness | Door Locks - Modern Electronic Door Locks, Biometric Challenges ## Footnote Define / Explain
59
# Define / Explain Cipher Locks | Door Locks ## Footnote Obj. 1.2 - Summarize fundamental security concepts
* Mechanical locks with numbered push buttons, requiring a correct combination to open * Commonly used in high-security areas like server rooms | Door Locks ## Footnote Define / Explain
60
# Define / Explain / List What are two popular technologies used in various applications for contactless authentication? | Access Badge Cloning ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Near Field Communication (NFC) | Access Badge Cloning ## Footnote Define / Expain / List
61
# Define / Explain Access Badge Cloning | Access Badge Cloning ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
Copying the data from an RFID or NFC card or badge onto another card or device | Access Badge Cloning ## Footnote Define / Explain
62
# List How does an attacker clone an access badge? | Access Badge Cloning ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
* Step 1: Scanning * Step 2: Data Extraction * Step 3: Writing to a new card or device * Step 4: Using the cloned access badge | Access Badge Cloning ## Footnote List
63
# Define / Explain Step 1: Scanning | Access Badge Cloning - How does an attacker clone an access badge? ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
Scanning or reading the targeted individual's access badge | Access Badge Cloning - How does an attacker clone an access badge? ## Footnote Define / Explain
64
# Define / Explain Step 2: Data Extraction | Access Badge Cloning - How does an attacker clone an access badge? ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
Attackers extract the relevant authentication credentials from the card, such as a unique identifier or a set of encrypted data | Access Badge Cloning - How does an attacker clone an access badge? ## Footnote Define / Explain
65
# Define / Explain Step 3: Writing to a new card or device | Access Badge Cloning - How does an attacker clone an access badge? ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
Attacker transfers the extracted data onto a blank RFID or NFC card or another compatible device | Access Badge Cloning - How does an attacker clone an access badge? ## Footnote Define / Explain
66
# Define / Explain Step 4: Using the cloned access badge | Access Badge Cloning - How does an attacker clone an access badge? ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
Attackers gain unauthorized access to buildings, computer systems, or even make payments using a cloned NFC-enabled credit card | Access Badge Cloning - How does an attacker clone an access badge? ## Footnote Define / Explain
67
# Informational / List Access badge cloning is common because of its... | Access Badge Cloning ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
* Ease of execution * Ability to be stealthy when conducting the attack * Potentially widespread use in compromising physical security | Access Badge Cloning ## Footnote Informational / List
68
# Informational / List How can you stop access badge cloning? | Access Badge Cloning ## Footnote Obj. 2.4 - Analyze indicators of malicious activity
* Implement advanced encryption in your card-based authentication systems * Implement Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) * Regularly update your security protocols * Educate your users * Implement the use of shielded wallets or sleeves with your RFID access badges * Monitor and audit your access logs | Access Badge Cloning ## Footnote Informational / List

CompTIA Security+ (SY0-701, IN-WORK) (5 decks)

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