Physics 1

Question 1

Branch of physical science that treats various phenomena of energy and the related properties of matter, especially of the laws of trnasformation of heat into other forms of energy and vice versa.

Answer 1

Thermodynamics

Question 2

refers to the quantity of matter of certain volume in space chosen for study

Answer 2

System

Question 3

Mass of region outside of the system

Answer 3

Surroundings

Question 4

real or imaginary surface that separates the system from its surroundings, the boundary of a system can either be fixed or movable

Answer 4

Boundary

Question 5

System where there is no transfer of mass but can transfer energy.

Answer 5

Closed System (Control Mass)

Question 6

System where both mass and energy are transferred.

Answer 6

Open System (Control Volume)

Question 7

system where neither mass nor energy are transferred.

Answer 7

Isolated System

Question 8

Property independent of size

Answer 8

Intensive Property

Question 9

Property dependent of size

Answer 9

Extensive Property

Question 10

Static propery is ______ while Transport property is ________.

Answer 10

static; moving

Question 11

A measure of intensity of heart. “hotness” or “coldness”.

Answer 11

Temperature

Question 12

temperature at which molecules are believed to stop moving

Answer 12

Absolute Zero

Question 13

temperature measured from absolute zero

Answer 13

Absolute temperature

Question 14

difference between two temperature readings from the same scale.

Answer 14

Temperature Interval

Question 15

form of energy associated with kinetic random motion of large number of molecules

Answer 15

Heat

Question 16

transmission of heat that takes place from molecule to molecule through a body or through bodies of contact

Answer 16

Conduction

Question 17

Transmission of heat due to the motion of molecules of the medium

Answer 17

Convection

Question 18

Transmission of heat that takes place without any intervening medium

Answer 18

Radiation

Question 19

Amount of energy transfer necessary to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree celsius

Answer 19

Calorie

Question 20

amount of energy transfer necessary to raise the temperature of 1 pound pf water by 1 degree Fahrenheit

Answer 20

British Thermal Unit

Question 21

1 calorie = ________ Joules; 1 BTU =______ calories

Answer 21

4.186 ; 252

Question 22

heat needed to change the temperature of the body without changing its phase

Answer 22

Sensible Heat

Question 23

head needed by the body to change its phase without changing its temperature

Answer 23

Latent Heat

Question 24

Latent Heat of Fusion

Answer 24

80 cal/g or 334 kJ/kg

Question 25

Latent Heat of Vaporization

Answer 25

540 cal/g or 2257 kJ/kg

Question 26

measure of energy that is no longer longer available to perform useful work within the current environment.

Answer 26

Absolute Entropy

Question 27

energy stored within the body. Sum of the kinetic energy of all its constituent particles plus sum of all potential energies of interaction among these particles.

Answer 27

Internal Energy (U)

Question 28

“Useful Energy”; heat transferred to a substance at a constant pressure process. Total useful energy pr a substance.

Answer 28

Enthalpy

Question 29

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another

Answer 29

First Law: Law of Conservation of Energy

Question 30

If system undergoes spontaneous change, its entropy will increase or at best, remain constant.

Answer 30

2nd Law: Law of Conservation of Increased Entropy

Question 31

The total entropy of pure substances approaches zero as the absolute thermodynamic temperature approaches zero.

Answer 31

Third Law: Law of Absolute Entropy/Nernst Law

Question 33

When any two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with the third body, they are thermal equilibrium with each other.

Answer 33

Zeroth Law

Question 34

P1V1=P2V2

Answer 34

Boyle’s Law

Question 35

V1/T1=V2/T2

Answer 35

Charles’ Law

Question 36

P1/T1=P2/T2

Answer 36

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Question 37

any change that a system undergoes from one equilibrium to another

Answer 37

Thermodynamic process

Question 38

refers to the series pf states through which a system passes during a process

Answer 38

Thermodynamic path

Question 39

Constant Volume

Answer 39

Isometric/Isochoric/Isovolumic Process

Question 40

Constant Pressure

Answer 40

Isobaric/Isopiestic Process

Question 41

Constant Temperature

Answer 41

Isothermal Process

Question 42

process is internally reversible process at P(V^n) = C where n is constant

Answer 42

Polytropic Process

Question 43

process that takes place in a closed system

Answer 43

nonflow process

Question 44

process that takes place in an open system in which the quantity of matter within the system is constant

Answer 44

steady flow process

Question 45

process in which no heat or other energy is transferred to or from the system

Answer 45

Adiabatic Process

Question 46

constant entropy

Answer 46

Isentropic Process

Question 47

constant enthalpy but for which there is a significant pressure drop

Answer 47

Thorttling Process

Question 48

most efficient thermodynamic process; consists of two isothermal and isentropic processes

Answer 48

Carnot Cycle

Question 49

Cyclic devices that take in energy by heat and expels a fraction of this energy by work

Answer 49

Heat Engines

Question 50

transfers energy from cold reservoir (colder body) to the hot reservoir (hotter body). There must be input work to the device to accomplish the transfer of energy in this direction.

Answer 50

Heat Pump Refrigerator