physics Flashcards

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1
Q

Normal

A

90 degrees from the surface

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2
Q

incident ray

A

ray of light going toward the surface

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3
Q

reflected ray

A

ray light coming away from the surface

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4
Q

A

angle of incidence

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5
Q

A

angle of reflection

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6
Q

law of reflection

A

angle of I° is equal to r°

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7
Q

specular reflection

A

light meeting the surface in one direction is all reflected in one direction.

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8
Q

diffuse scattering

A

When light is reflected off a surface in all directions.

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9
Q

density

A

mass / volume

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10
Q

refraction

A

process which a wave changes speed and direction when entering a different density.

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11
Q

refraction into denser material does what to the ray

A

it bends towards the normal

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12
Q

refraction into a less dense material does what to the ray

A

it bends away from the normal

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13
Q

spectrum of light

A

A series of similar waves arranged in order of wavelength or frequency.

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14
Q

frequency

A

The number of waves produced each second. measured in hertz (Hz).

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15
Q

dispersion

A

Spreading out of the different wavelengths of light, caused by refraction of light as it passes through a prism.

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16
Q

what are the secondary colours of light?

A

cyan (light blue) , yellow, magenta (reddish pink)

17
Q

why are objects coloured?

A

because the object absorbs all light waves except its own colour.

18
Q

what is the relationship between speed, distance and time? (the triangle)

A

distance / (speed x time)

19
Q

speed

A

a measure of how fast an object is moving. m/s

20
Q

distance

A

Numerical description of how far apart two things are. m

21
Q

time

A

how long an event lasts, s

22
Q

unit

A

the measurement of a quantity.

23
Q

what is the relationship between pressure, force and area. (triangle)

A

Force/ (Pressure x area)

24
Q

force

A

pushes and pulls in a particular direction. measured in newtons (N)

25
Q

Area

A

how much space a flat shape takes up. measured in m²

26
Q

what is weight?

A

mass x gravitational pull (10)

27
Q

constant speed

A

When the speed of an object remains the same

28
Q

what is a distance-time graph?

A

A graph with distance travelled plotted on the vertical axis against time taken on the horizontal axis.

29
Q

what is a journey?

A

the motion of an object over time

30
Q

what is gradient?

A

the rise over the run. (the change in the ‘y’ value divided by the change in the ‘x’ value)

x2 - x1

31
Q

accelerating

A

The rate of change of speed increases. acceleration increases.

32
Q

decelerating

A

When an object is slowing down.

33
Q

stationary

A

when an object is not moving

34
Q

what is the average speed calculated from a distance/time graph

A

total distance traveled / total time spent

35
Q

what does a flat line mean in a distance/time graph?

A

that the speed of an object is constant (even if its stationary)

36
Q

what does a curve line mean on a distance/time graph?

A

the acceleration or deceleration.