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physics EOY > PHYSICS > Flashcards

PHYSICS Flashcards

1
Q

wave going from air to water (effect)

A

refraction

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2
Q

electromagnetic waves used to treat cancer

A

X-rays and gamma rays have a very high frequency and can kill cancer cells.

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3
Q

angle of incidence equals …

A

the angle of reflection

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4
Q

part of the electromagnetic spectrum used in television remote controls?

A

infra-red radiation

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5
Q

The wavefront

A

is a line joining all the points of a crest of a wave

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6
Q

In circuits, ammeters are always found

A

in series

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7
Q

In circuits, voltmeters are always found

A

in parallel.

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8
Q

density formula

A

mass/volume

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9
Q

electromagnetic waves speed in a vacuum

A

at 3.0 × 108 m/s

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10
Q

rectangle with a diagonal arrow running

A

represents variable resistor

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11
Q

Electromagnetic waves are …

A

transverse waves

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12
Q

Ohm’s law

A

Ohm’s law states that for a fixed resistance, voltage and current are directly proportional.

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13
Q

electric current

A

is a measure of the rate of flow of charge.

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14
Q

If the gap is the same size as the wavelength…

A

it will cause the waves to spread out to their maximum level.

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15
Q

wave speed=

A

frequency(hertz) × wavelength (m)

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16
Q

total internal reflection occurs

A

when the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle.

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17
Q

typical speed for a sound wave travelling in a liquid?

A

Sound waves travel in water at approximately 1500 m/s.

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18
Q

typical speed for a sound wave travelling in a gas?

A

Sound waves travel slowest in gases (between 200 and 1000 m/s)

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19
Q

The pitch of a sound can be related to…

A

FREQUENCY of the sound wave

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20
Q

sound wave travel as…

A

longitudinal waves through a medium

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21
Q

As you proceed from radio waves to gamma rays across the electromagnetic spectrum, the wavelength will…

A

decrease

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22
Q

amount of radiation emitted depends on …

A

surface temperature, colour and texture

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23
Q

condensation

A

Condensation is the change from a gas to a liquid state. the gas particles lose energy, move more slowly, and they stay close together forming a liquid.

24
Q

Thermocouples

A

are used to measure very high temperatures, gives electrical output

25
Q

brownian motion

A

the random movement of particles suspended n a liquid or gas, caused by collisions between particles and the molecules of the liquid or gas .

26
Q

pressure formula

A

pressure= force(N)/area(m)

27
Q

Pressure and temperature relationship in gas

A

as temperature increases, particles in fixed container begin to move faster and faster, increasing collision= increasing pressure

28
Q

thermal expension

A

the increase in movement of particles causes objects to become larger as warmed up, (common in metal)

29
Q

liquid expension

A

when heated up, particles begin to move faster weakening the intermolecular forces of attraction, and allowing liquid to expand.

30
Q

thermometer liquid process

A

in a thermometer, the bulbs heat up the liquid, it expands forcing it to rise

31
Q

arrangement of particles in expension

A

gas –> liquid –> solid . because gas has the weakest intermolecular force allowing particles to move further

32
Q

resistivity

A

the electrical resistance of a material increases / decreases as it is heated

33
Q

sensitivity

A

the smallest change in temperature that a thermometer can measure

34
Q

range

A

the difference between highest and lowest temperature the thermometer measures

35
Q

linearity

A

the liquid expands the same amount for every celsius increase in temperature

36
Q

conduction

A

the process by which heat energy is transmitted through collisions, most important energy transfer in solids.

37
Q

convection

A

convection is heat transfer due to a density differential within a fluid. As water’s temperature increases (heat), it become less dense and rise. As it moves up from heat, it cools and becomes more dense and sinks.

38
Q

radiation

A

radiation is the emission of energy. it does not require a medium to travel through, mostly travels as waves

39
Q

the electromagnetic spectrum

A

is a spectrum of waves created by disturbance in electric and magnetic filed

40
Q

effect of radiation

A

surface color absorbs radiation at different rates, surface texture also influences absorption and emits radiation. shiny and smooth reflect= no good absorption

41
Q

wave motion

A

the transfer of energy from one point to another

42
Q

amplitude

A

is the distance between creast/peak and the center of the wave .

43
Q

wave length

A

distance between one crest to another or one trough to another.

44
Q

frequency

A

the number of waves produces each second is measured in hertz

45
Q

transverse waves

A

transverse waves are formed when the particles vibrate perpendicular to the direction in which the wave is moving

46
Q

angle of reflection is…

A

is the angle made between the reflected ray and the normal line

47
Q

longitudinal waves

A

are formed when the particles vibrate parralel to the direction in which the wave is travelling .

48
Q

transverse waves examples

A

visible light, electromagnetic radiation, ripping along the surface of water, waves formed in shaken rope

49
Q

longitudinal waves examples

A

sound waves, waves produced in spring

50
Q

wave refraction occurs …

A

when the medium the wave is now traveling through has a different density causing speed to change

51
Q

diffraction of waves

A

when a wave passes through a gap, it spread out from the gap . a plane wave will spread ion curved pattern

52
Q

order of electromagnetic spectrum

A

radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays and gamma rays.

53
Q

rarefraction

A

areas of low pressure due to particles being further apart

54
Q

compression

A

areas of high pressure due to particles being closer together

55
Q

pressure

A

force/area

56
Q

specific heat

A

energy/mass x change in energy

57
Q

pressure

A

pressure=densityXgravityXdepth

physics EOY (9 decks)

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