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FRCA primary > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

Definitions

1
Q

Absolute humidity

A

Mass of water vapour present in a sample of air at a given temp (kg/m^3)

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2
Q

Absolute zero

A

Temperature at which all motion stops including atoms. -273.15’C / 0K

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3
Q

Ampere

A

Measure of current, Coloumbs/second, amount of charge passing a point in unit time.
Current that produces a force of 2x10^-7 newtons per metre between two parallel wires of infinite length 1m apart in a vacuum.

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4
Q

Boiling point

A

Temperature at which the vapour of a liquid equals that of ambient pressure, causing a change from liquid to vapour

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5
Q

Calorie

A

Energy required to heat up the temperature of 1g of water by 1’C, 1 calorie = 4.16J

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6
Q

Candela

A

SI unit of luminous intensity. A candle emits roughly the light intensity of 1 candela.

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7
Q

Coulomb

A

Unit of charge, amount of charge passing a point of interest in 1 second when 1 ampere is flowing. Ampere/second.

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8
Q

Critical temperature

A

The temperature above which, a gas cannot be compressed into liquid no matter how much pressure is applied.

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9
Q

Freezing point

A

Temperature at which solid and liquid phases of a substance are in equilibrium at a given pressure.

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10
Q

Force

A

That which changes the state of rest or motion. Measured in Newtons.
1 N - force required to accelerate a mass of 1 Kg by 1m.s-2.
Mass x Acceleration

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11
Q

Gas

A

A state of matter existing between liquid and plasma.
A substance above its critical temperature, with its particles vastly separated as opposed to solids and liquids, and will fill any space available.

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12
Q

Heat capacity

A

Amount of heat energy required to increase the temperature of a substance by 1’C.
SI unit - Joules/Kelvin.

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13
Q

Hertz

A

SI unit of frequency. 1 cycle per second = 1hz.

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14
Q

Joule

A

SI unit for energy.
Energy expended when applying a force of 1 NEWTON through distance of 1METRE.

Newton . Metre
Watts . Second
Pa . m3
kg.m2.s-2

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15
Q

Kelvin

A

SI unit for temperature.
1K = 1/273.16’c of the triple point of water.

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16
Q

Kilogram

A

SI unit for mass.

17
Q

Latent heat

A

Energy dissipated or absorbed when there is a shift in the state of matter at a particular temperature- no ‘actual’ change in temperature.

18
Q

Latent heat of vaporisation

A

The amount of heat required to convert a mass of liquid at its boiling point into vapour without an increase in temperature under standard atmospheric pressure.
kg/mol.

19
Q

Mol

A

SI unit - amount of a substance.
Quantity of atoms containing the same number of particles as of that contained in 12g of C-12. 6.0x10^23 particles - avogadros constant.

20
Q

Newton

A

SI unit for force. kg.m.s-2

21
Q

Ohm

A

SI unit for resistance. Resistance between two points of a conductor when constant potential difference of 1 volt is applied and produces 1 ampere of current.

22
Q

Pascal

A

Unit of pressure.
N.M-2

23
Q

Power

A

Rate of work (WATTS)
1 Watt = 1 Joule/second

24
Q

Relative humidity

A

Percentage saturation of air with water as a ratio of that if the same air was maximally saturated with water at a given temperature.

Ratio of water vapour pressure to saturated vapour pressure.

25
Q

SVP

A

Pressure exerted by a vapour in equilibrium with its liquid phase in a closed system at a given temperature.

26
Q

Specific heat capacity
Water?

A

Amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of a specific substance by 1’C
Water 4.16KJ/kg/C
Human body 3.5kJ/kg/’C

27
Q

Triple point of water

A

Temperature and pressure of water when in equilibrium existing as three separate states (solid, liquid, vapour)
Temp - 0.01’C / 273.15K
Pressure 0.006 ATM / 611 pascalsV

28
Q

Vapour

A

A substance in the gas phase below its critical temperature.

29
Q

Volt

A

Joule / Coulomb
Potential difference between two points of a conducting wire when 1 joule of work is done to move one coulomb of charge between them.

30
Q

What are the components of a measurement system

A

Input, transducer, conditioning unit, display unit and output

31
Q

Define accuracy

A

How close to the true value the output is, quoted as a percentage

32
Q

Sensitivity

A

How small a change in the input will affect the output

33
Q

Drift

A

Movement of the output value from the true value

34
Q
A
35
Q

Gain

A

Degree of amplification of the output value based on the input (ratio of input to output)

36
Q

Hysteresis

A

A difference in the output value depending on whether the value is rising or falling, e.g. lung compliance curve pressure / volume due to elastic energy being stored.

37
Q

Define damping

A

Damping is the resistance provided to oscillation within a system resulting from a change in the input, usually due to resistive / frictional forces.

38
Q
A

FRCA primary (9 decks)

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