Physics

Question 1

What are longitudinal waves

Answer 1

That particles vibrate back and forth, so the direction of their movement is parallel to the direction of the wave eg sound waves

Question 2

What is a transverse wave

Answer 2

In a a transverse wave, the particles move up and down so the direction of their movement is at right angles to the direction of the wave eg water and light waves

Question 3

What is frequency

Answer 3

Frequency is the number of waves passing any point each second

Question 4

What is current

Answer 4

Current is a measure of the rate of flow of electric charge in a circuit
How much is there

Question 5

What is current measured in

Answer 5

Amperes

Question 6

What is another name of potential difference

Answer 6

It is the same as voltage

Question 7

What is potential difference

Answer 7

Potential difference is a measure of the different in electrical potential energy between two points in a circuit

Question 8

What is voltage measured in

Answer 8

Volts using a voltmeter

Question 9

What is a cell

Answer 9

A cell is an individual

Question 10

What is a battery

Answer 10

More than one cell

Question 11

The greater the electrical action demands….

Answer 11

The greater the current needed

Question 12

Using more cells in a battery….

Answer 12

Increases the voltage

Question 13

What is a series circuit

Answer 13

A series circuit has all of the components connected sequentially in a “loop”. If one part breaks the whole circuit will stop working.

Question 14

What is a parallel circuit

Answer 14

A parallel circuit is a “branched circuit”. Meaning is has two ways for electricity to flow through. A break will stop that particular “break” from working. If their is a alternate complete path, then the electricity will flow through it.

Question 15

What happens if you put soothing in a glass of water and look through the glass at it. Why does it look different?

Answer 15

The light has been refracted because it’s travelling through a different medium and is being slowed down by that particular medium therefor making the object appear different

Question 16

What is a particle model

Answer 16

A model that can be used to explain the properties of solids, liquids and gases. In a solid the particles are packed closely together, the particles vibrate on the spot but hold shape. In a liquid the particles are packed closely together too but they are free to move and flow over each other. Particles in gases are not bound together at all and are free to move in a straight line until they hit another particle.

Question 17

Define and insulator and compare it to a conductor

Answer 17

An insulator is a material that does not conduct heat well where as a conductor allows heat to flow through it. Ex of insulator, air, cloth, cork. Ex of conductors, metal

Question 18

What is a sound wave

Answer 18

A sound wave is the movement of alternating compressions and rarefactions

Question 19

What are compressions and rarefactions?

Answer 19

Compressions is a region of high pressure in which particles are close together and rarefaction is a region of low pressure in which particles are far apart

Question 20

What is an electromagnetic wave

Answer 20

Transverse electric and magnetic fields position at right angles to each other and travelling through empty space at the speed of light

Question 21

What electromagnetic radiation

Answer 21

Electromagnetic waves consisting of oscullating electric and magnetic fields travelling at the speed of light

Question 22

Label and draw a diagram of a wave

Answer 22

Check answer

Question 23

Compare frequency and pitch

Answer 23

Frequency is the number of waves passing any point 
Each second (measured in hertz) whereas pitch is how low or high 
A sound is. A source that vibrates rapidly creates a higher pitch sound than one that vibrates slowly.

Question 24

Examples of radiation, convection and conduction

Answer 24

Radiation: the sun
Convection: boiling water or heating a room using a fireplace
Conduction: hot liquids make the cup itself hot or holding an ice cube

Question 25

How is energy transferred through conduction and is it a particle or wave

Answer 25

particles in hot things vibrate faster so when something touches the heat, the particles start vibrating faster too. A method of heat transfer in which heat is passed by vibration of particles. It is a particle transfer

Question 26

How is energy transferred through convection, particle or wave?

Answer 26

as the air is heated the particles gain energy and rise as the cool air sinks. As the cool air sinks it is heated by the heat source and rises leaving the cool air to be heated. This type of jets transfer can only happen in liquid and gases are their particles can move. transfer of heat in liquid or gas due to less dense, warmer matter rising and dense, cooler matter falling Particle transfer

Question 27

How is energy transferred through radiation | Particle or wave?

Answer 27

radiation transmits waves through invisible electromagnetic waves that travel at the speed of light, everything gives off infrared radiation, the hotter the object the more radiation movement of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, which can travel through a vacuum Wave transfer

Question 28

How is energy transferred through sound | Wave or particle

Answer 28

Sound is created when something vibrates. When something vibrates it passes it vibrations into its surroundings. Sound waves travel away from the spice of sound (ripples in a lake) The particles of the material vibrate as the sound energy flows through it. It travels faster through solids than through gases as the particles are closer together transmitting the energy faster as they have less distance to travel to the next particle Sound travels faster through warm things than cold things as the particles in warm things are already vibrating Particle transfer

Question 29

What is refraction

Answer 29

Refraction is bending of light as it passes from one substance into another substance Light travels at different speed through difference substances, the difference in the speed results in different amounts of bending

Question 30

How does a concave lens work

Answer 30

A concave lens’s is a lens that curves inwards When parallel rays of light pass through a concave lens the refracted rays diverge so they appear to come from one point called the principle focus A convex lens bulges outwards

Question 31

What is the electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 31

The entire range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation that can be produced, from high frequencies gamma rays to low frequency radio waves.

Question 32

What does an electric circuit need

Answer 32

An energy source (cell, battery) An energy user (bulb, light) Wires to connect everything

Question 33

What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 33

``` Gamma rays X-rays Ultra violet radiation Visible light Infrared radiation Radio waves ```

Question 34

What is resistance

Answer 34

A measure of how difficult it is for current to pass

Question 35

What is resistance measured in

Answer 35

Ohms (the thing that looks like a horse shoe)

Question 36

How does energy transfer through a circuit

Answer 36

light the flow of charge is made up of electrons moving along the wires. These electrons and the current they form, carry energy around the circuit from the battery or power point, to the different components that use it . All electrons flow along the circuit in the same direction.

Question 37

Why does voltage drop when a wire is small and long

Answer 37

the resistance of a long wire is greater than the resistance of a short wire because electrons collide with ions more often. The resistance of a a thin wire is greater the resistance of a thick wire because a thin wire has fewer electrons to carry the current.

Question 38

What is reflection, explain with a diagram

Answer 38

A bouncing os light off something without is being absorbed