Physics B3-internal combustion engines

Question 1

Technology: gunpowder engine

Answer 1

experimented with gases generated by an explosion inside the engine which drove the piston forwards into the cylinder

Question 2

technology: heat engine

Answer 2

used heat to create steam for work

Question 3

technology: savery engine

Answer 3

invention of the first successful steam pump used to pump water out of the mines

Question 4

drawbacks: gunpowder engine

Answer 4

hazards pf explosions and there was no internal mechanism to pull back the piston so it could be used more than once

Question 5

drawbacks: heat engine

Answer 5

couldn’t make the drum to hold the water big enough so it could heat efficiently

Question 6

drawbacks: savery engine

Answer 6

couldn’t lift the water past 6m because the boiler couldn’t produce enough pressure without exploding

Question 7

invention of gunpowder engine

Answer 7

christian Huygens, 1680

Question 8

invention of heat engine

Answer 8

Denis papin, 1690

Question 9

invention of savery engine

Answer 9

Thomas savery, 1698

Question 10

technology: Newcomen engine

Answer 10

piston rod was connected to a pivoting beam which was connected to the mine pump, up and down motion of piston drove the pump

Question 11

drawbacks: Newcomen engine

Answer 11

cycle of heating and cooling the cylinder was inefficient and the engine required so much heat to function

Question 12

invention of the Newcomen engine

who and when

Answer 12

Thomas Newcomen, 1712

Question 13

technology: watt engine

Answer 13

invented a more efficient Newcomen engine, with a separate cylinder to cool the steam so the boiler cylinder Wass always hot

Question 14

drawbacks: watt engine

Answer 14

too large, hot, dirty, and inefficient in converting heat into useful energy

Question 15

invention of watt engine

Answer 15

James watt, 1763

Question 16

technology: internal combustion engine

Answer 16

engine that used coal gas, energy was released by burning fuel ignited by an electrical spark inside the engine

Question 17

drawbacks: internal combustion engine

Answer 17

engine was still inefficient, not enough force to operate a machine

Question 18

invention of internal combustion engine

who and when

Answer 18

Philippe lebon, 1801

Question 19

technology: fourstroke internal combustion engine

Answer 19

moves piston up the cylinder, compressing the coal gas-air mixture. fire spark plug and ignite the mixture, creating high pressure which pushes the piston down the cylinder and turns the wheels

Question 20

drawbacks: fourstroke internal combustion engine

Answer 20

used coal gas as a fuel, it doesn’t burn hot so it wasn’t powerful; enough for a machine

Question 21

invention of fourstroke internal combustion engine

Answer 21

Otto and Eugen Langen, 1867

Question 22

Technology: daimler engine

Answer 22

used gasoline instead of coal gas, more powerful

Question 23

drawbacks: daimler engine

Answer 23

produces gas emissions, which are harmful to the environment

Question 24

invention of daimler engine

Answer 24

Gottlieb Daimler, 1880