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Science > Physics - P1 > Flashcards

Physics - P1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the sun?

A

a star

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2
Q

how many planets are there?

A

8

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3
Q

what do planets reflect?

A

light

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4
Q

what do comets have tails?

A

the ice inside them melts as they get closer to the sun

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5
Q

what is the sun made from?

A

hydrogen and helium gas

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6
Q

how is the helium made?

A

hydrogen atoms fusing together this is where the sun gets its energy

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7
Q

what do we use to measure the distance in space?

A

light years

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8
Q

how fast does light travel?

A

300,000 km/s

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9
Q

what are the sizes on the thing in the universe in the order smallest to biggest (diameter)?

A 
earth
sun
earths orbit
solar system
sun to the nearest star
milky way
milky way to the nearest galaxy
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10
Q

what are the ages of the earth, sun and universe in order smallest to biggest?

A

earth- 5000
sun- 5000
universe- 14000

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11
Q

what do stars emit (give out)?

A

electromagnetic (EM) radiation

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12
Q

what is parallax?

A

when something appears to move when you look at it from different places

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13
Q

what is light pollution?

A

light from streetlamps etc.

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14
Q

how do we see things in space?

A

we see them as they were when the light first left them

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15
Q

what are other galaxy’s doing?

A

moving away from us (red shift)

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16
Q

what is blue shift?

A

when galaxy’s move towards us

17
Q

how did the universe start?

A

the big bang theory

18
Q

how long ago was the big bang theory?

A

14 thousand million years ago

19
Q

what is erosion?

A

when rock wears away

20
Q

how is new rock formed?

A

when the magma that is pushed up through the sea bed or from volcanoes cools

21
Q

how old is the earth?

A

4 million years old

22
Q

how are sedimentary rocks formed?

A

little bit rocks get washed out to sea and settle as sediment these bits of rock soon get crushed together to form sedimentary rock

23
Q

what are seismic shock waves?

A

waves that are produced in a earthquake that can travel through the inside and on the outside of the earth

24
Q

where can p-waves pass through

A

the core of the earth

25
Q

what cant s-waves travel through?

A

liquid

26
Q

what doe waves with a greater amplitude have?

A

more energy

27
Q

what is frequency?

A

the number of complete waves passing through a certain point per second

28
Q

what degrees are transverse waves?

A

90 degrees

29
Q

examples of transverse waves?

A

s-waves

30
Q

what are examples of longitudinal waves?

A

p-waves (vibrations travel in the same direction as the wave)

31
Q

what is the speed equation?

A

speed = distance x wavelength

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