Physics Pt1 Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are the three subatomic particles that make up an atom?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
True or False: Protons have a negative charge.
False.
What is the charge of an electron?
Negative.
Fill in the blank: Neutrons have a ______ charge.
Neutral.
What particle determines the atomic number of an element?
Protons.
What type of radiation consists of helium nuclei?
Alpha radiation.
Which type of radiation is a high-energy electron or positron?
Beta radiation.
What is the most penetrating type of radiation?
Gamma radiation.
True or False: Gamma rays have mass.
False.
What is a nuclear equation?
An equation that shows the reactants and products in a nuclear reaction.
In a nuclear equation, what does the symbol ‘→’ represent?
The transformation from reactants to products.
What is ionization?
The process of adding or removing electrons from an atom or molecule.
Fill in the blank: Alpha particles are composed of ______.
Two protons and two neutrons.
What happens to an atom during beta decay?
A neutron is transformed into a proton and an electron is emitted.
True or False: Alpha particles can penetrate human skin.
False.
What is the primary effect of gamma radiation on matter?
It can ionize atoms and molecules.
What is the mass number of an atom?
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Which particle has a mass approximately equal to 1 atomic mass unit (amu)?
Proton.
What is the role of neutrons in the nucleus?
To provide stability and reduce repulsion between protons.
Fill in the blank: The emission of radiation from unstable nuclei is known as ______.
Radioactivity.
What is the difference between fission and fusion?
Fission is the splitting of a nucleus, while fusion is the combining of nuclei.
What do we call an atom that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons?
Isotope.
True or False: Ionizing radiation can cause damage to living tissue.
True.
What type of radiation is often used in cancer treatment?
Gamma radiation.
