Physics Pt2 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is irradiation?
Irradiation is the process of exposing an object or substance to radiation.
True or False: Contamination refers to the presence of radioactive material on surfaces or in the environment.
True
What is background radiation?
Background radiation is the ionizing radiation that is present in the environment and comes from natural and artificial sources.
Fill in the blank: The unit used to measure radiation dose is called the _______.
Gray
What is the purpose of measuring radiation?
Measuring radiation helps assess exposure levels, ensure safety, and monitor environmental conditions.
What is half-life?
Half-life is the time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common method for measuring radiation? A) Thermometer B) Dosimeter C) Barometer
B) Dosimeter
True or False: The half-life of a radioactive isotope is constant regardless of external conditions.
True
What are the main types of radiation?
The main types of radiation are alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays.
Fill in the blank: The concept of the atom was first proposed by _______.
Democritus
Multiple Choice: Which model of the atom suggests that electrons orbit the nucleus in defined paths? A) Plum Pudding Model B) Rutherford Model C) Bohr Model
C) Bohr Model
What is radioactive contamination?
Radioactive contamination occurs when radioactive substances are unintentionally introduced into the environment or on surfaces.
True or False: Background radiation can be completely eliminated in a controlled environment.
False
What device is commonly used to detect and measure radiation?
Geiger-Muller counter
Fill in the blank: The _______ model describes the atom as a positively charged sphere with negatively charged electrons embedded within it.
Plum Pudding
What does the term ‘ionizing radiation’ refer to?
Ionizing radiation refers to radiation that has enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, creating ions.
Multiple Choice: Which type of radiation has the highest penetrating power? A) Alpha B) Beta C) Gamma
C) Gamma
What is the formula for calculating the remaining quantity of a radioactive substance after n half-lives?
Remaining quantity = Initial quantity × (1/2)^n
True or False: The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus.
True
What is a radionuclide?
A radionuclide is an isotope of an element that is radioactive.
Fill in the blank: The _______ model of the atom was developed by Ernest Rutherford.
Nuclear
Multiple Choice: Which particle is not emitted during radioactive decay? A) Alpha particle B) Beta particle C) Neutron
C) Neutron
What is the significance of the decay constant in radioactive decay?
The decay constant represents the probability of decay of a radioactive nucleus per unit time.
True or False: All isotopes of an element are radioactive.
False
