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physics year 10 > physics term 2 > Flashcards

physics term 2 Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

standard international units of measurements for length, mass and time

A

length- m
mass- kg
time- s

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2
Q

scalar quantity definition and example

A

scalar quantity has only one size

example- distance of 12km

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3
Q

vector quantity definition and example

A

vector quantity has size and direction

example- velocity of 30km/h north

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4
Q 
what vectors go with these scalars
distance
speed
mass
time
A 
scalar        vector
distance-displacement 
speed-velocity
mass-acceleration
time-force
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5
Q

distance definition

A

length travelled in a journey between start and finish , does not include direction.

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6
Q

displacement definition

A

length between start and end point only including direction from start to finish.

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7
Q

both formulas for average speed

A 
average speed = 
distance
 -------------
time 
or
= initial speed+ final speed
 ------------------------------------
 2
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8
Q

does velocity or speed include direction

A

velocity includes direction.

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9
Q

formula for velocity

A

time

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10
Q

instantaneous speed definition

A

speed that a vehicle is travelling at a precise point in time.

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11
Q

how do you covert from m/s to km/h

A

multiply by 3.6

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12
Q

how do you convert from km/h to m/s

A

divide by 3.6

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13
Q

the slope of a graph

A

gradient

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14
Q

what are motion graphs used for

A

to analyse the motion of a vehicle

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15
Q

what does the gradient and horizontal line of a distance v time graph represent

A

gradient= speed of the object

horizontal line= object is stationary

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16
Q

formula for average acceleration

A

average acceleration=

time taken

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17
Q

terminal velocity definition

A

speed reached when air resistance (drag) is the weight (force of gravity)

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18
Q

formula for weight (w)

A 
weight = mass x gravity 
w = m x g
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19
Q

acceleration due to gravity at earths surface (g)

A

(g) acceleration due to gravity =

9. 8m/s squared

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20
Q

resistance and what affects it

A

the force of an object as a result of air as it moves .

Affected by the speed and surface area.

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21
Q

what is w, m and g

Study These Flashcards
A

w is weight in Newtons, N
m is mass in kilograms, kg
g is acceleration due to gravity, 9.8m/s squared

22
Q

when does acceleration occur

Study These Flashcards
A

when an object has a change in speed or a change in direction

23
Q

formula for acceleration

Study These Flashcards
A

acceleration =

          time
24
Q

what is force measured in

25
balanced force example and definition
no change in the state of an object's motion | example- plane flying at a constant speed or a stationary car
26
unbalanced force causes and example
``` unbalanced force may be caused by change in speed change in direction change in shape example- accelerating bicycle ```
27
how do you find the distance on a speed v time graph
calculate the area under the graph
28
what does the horizontal line on a speed v time graph represent
continuous speed, sitting on one speed
29
how do you find the acceleration of a vehicle from a speed v time graph
calculate the gradient
30
in the formula for acceleration, what does v, u and t stand for and what is each measured in
v - u ------ t v is final velocity in m/s u is initial velocity in m/s t is the time in s
31
triangle equation for distance
d | s t
32
triangle equation for force
f | m a
33
formula for final speed
final speed = 2 x average speed
34
state newtons first law of motion
A body will remain at its current state of motion until and unbalanced force acts upon it.
35
inertia definition and what affects it
the tendency of a body to remain at its current state of motion affected by mass. the greater the mass of a body, the more inertia
36
state newtons second law of motion
a body will accelerate in proportion to the net force upon it and the mass of the body
37
what does a greater net force result in
greater acceleration
38
state newtons third law of motion | two examples
for every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force. fire extinguisher- gas is fired out and person holding the extinguisher is pushed back punch- fist hits object and object hits fist with same force
39
net force
force exerted by a body after all the forces have been added
40
list some safety features that modern cars are engineered with
crumple zones seatbelts airbags anti-lock braking
41
define mass what what it is measured in
amount of material in an object, kg
42
weight and what it is measured in
force due to gravity acting on a mass, Newtons, N
43
triangle equation for weight
weight | mass gravity
44
define friction
the force that acts to prevent motion or acts in the opposite direction to that of a moving object
45
three types of friction
static kenetic drag
46
examples of when you want to reduce friction
downhill skiing running swimming/diving ice skating
47
examples of when you want to increase friction
mountain climbing running (spikes on boots) parachuting
48
potential energy
form of stored energy | may be stored in the from of chemical, electrical, elastic or nuclear energy
49
gravitational potential energy
GPE is the energy due to an objects height. | higher gravitational field means more potential energy
50
formula for GPE
m x g x h
51
law of conservation of energy
energy cannot be created of destroyed, only converted from one form to another.
52
formula for kenetic energy
genetic energy = 1/2 x m x v squared

physics year 10 (1 decks)

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