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Physics Gr 11 > Physics Unit 3 - Energy > Flashcards

Physics Unit 3 - Energy Flashcards

1
Q

Gravitational energy

A

potential energy due to stored energy of an object’s height from a R.P

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1
Q

Potential energy

A

Stored energy by an object’s position, forces acting on it, object’s properties

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2
Q

Radiational energy

A

PE carried by light (electromagnetic waves)

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3
Q

Electrical energy

A

PE due to interaction of electric charges

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4
Q

Nuclear energy

A

PE stored in atomic nuclei (released by fission (Nuclear Power Plants) or fusion (Sun))

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5
Q

Elastic Energy

A

PE stored in a stretched/ compressed object

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6
Q

Thermal energy MOLECULES

A

Kinetic energy at molecular level- warmth from the vibrations of particles

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7
Q

Thermal energy PARTICLES

A

A measure of total energy of ALL the particles

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8
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

Large scale of object’s motion

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9
Q

Sound Energy

A

Kinetic energy due to wave-like vibrations of a particle through a medium

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10
Q

Chemical Energy

A

Energy stored in chemical bonds

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11
Q

Mechanical Energy

A

Kinetic Energy + Gravitational Potential Energy

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12
Q

Law of Conservation of Energy (2)

A

1) Energy cannot be created nor destroyed
2) When one energy is transferred to another, no energy is lost

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13
Q

Incandescent Light bulb

A

Eelec–(Bulb)–> Eth + Er

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14
Q

Arrow Shot Upwards

A

Ek–(pull arrow)–> Eelas —(bow firing)—-> Ek—-(arrow upwards)–> Eg —(Arrow falling)–> Ek (eventually Eth)

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15
Q

Flashlight

A

Ech-(battery)-> Eelec -(Bulb)-> Er + Eth

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16
Q

Candle

A

Ech-(chemical reaction)–> Eth + Er

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17
Q

Wind Turbine

A

Ek-(wind)-> Ek -(generator)-> Eelec

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18
Q

Solar Cell Calculator

A

En-(Sun)-> Er-(solar panel)-> Eelec

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19
Q

Hand Cranked Generator

A

Ek–(generator)->Eelec

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20
Q

Nuclear Fission Power Station

A

En-(Nuclear fission)-> Eth–(steam)-> Ek (generator)-> Eelec

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21
Q

Coal Fossil Fuel Power Station

A

Ech-(burning fuel)->Eth-(Steam)-> Ek-(generator)-> Eelec

22
Q

Hydroelectric Power Station

A

Ek + Eg –(Falling water)-> Ek -(generator)-> Eelec

23
Q

Kinetic Energy : If V^2 is doubled, what would Ek be?

A

Since Ek is directly proportional to V^2, when V^2 is doubled, Ek is 4x!

24
How much is 1 Joule worth?
E=Fap x d 1 J= N x m
25
What is positive energy? Does it gain or lose energy? What direction does Fap and displacement have to be?
Energy is transferred TO the object Gains energy Same directions
26
What is negative energy? Does it gain or lose energy? What direction does Fap and displacement have to be?
Energy is transferred FROM the object Loses energy Opposite directions
27
Formula for Work done with an Angle
W=(cos0 x fap) d
28
What is zero work?
Object's energy does NOT change
29
Two causes for zero work (2) and give examples
1) Displacement=0 *No overall movement (pushing wall) *No overall displacement (putting weights back after a workout) 2) Fap and d are perpendicular to each other (cos=90= 0) There is no change in Eg/Ek (ex. lifting shopping bags/ carrying back pack)
30
Power
Rate at which energy is transformed (how fast change happens)
31
How much a one Watts worth?
W=J/s One watts = joules per second
32
What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)
1)Matter is made up of particles that are in constant motion which gives them kinetic energy 2) Particles exert attractiveness and repulsive forces that keep them a certain distance apart giving particles potential energy
33
Temperature
The measure of average kinetic energy of the particles
34
Which one has a higher thermal energy? a) A small cup of hot chocolate or b) A big bucket of hot chocolate
B) b/c there are more particles which means more total Ek and Ep
35
Heat
Flow of thermal energy from an object of high temp. to low temp.
36
Which one is denser, cool or warm air?
Cool
37
Radiation
Transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves
38
What does radiation NOT require in order to take place?
A particle during transfer
39
How to prevent radiation
A reflective surface
40
Conduction
Transfer of energy through collisions of solid particles
41
How to prevent Conduction (2)
1) Remove particles (vacuum) 2) Thermal insulator (poor conductors)
42
Convection
Energy transfer through movement of particles in a fluid (liquid or solid)
43
Vertical movement of convection is called...
Convection current
44
How to prevent convection (2)
1) Remove particles (vacuum) 2) Thermal Insulator (poor conductors)
45
Specific Heat Capacity
The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1C (degree)
46
What does the specific heat capacity depend on?
Material object is made of (its intermolecular forces)
47
Energy Conservation and thermal energy (principle of heat exchange)
Two substances of a different temperature are mixed, energy gained by the cooler object = the energy lost by the warmer object
48
Heat Curve
Shows temperature changes while a substance absorbs energy
49
Where is the energy used to separate the IMF particles of a substance
The environment
50
When using potential energy to change the state (liquid to solid) [freezing] of an object, what happens?
Epotential is released back into the environment and IMF bonds reform
51
When using potential energy to change the state (solid to liquid)[melting] of an object, what happens?
Energy from the environment is used to seperate particles by OVERCOMING IMF
52
Latent heat of fusion
amount of energy required to melt/freeze 1kg
53
Latent heat of vaporization
amount of energy required to vaporize / condense 1 kg

Physics Gr 11 (6 decks)

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