Physio - Muscles Flashcards
Name 3 types of Muscle tissue
Smooth
Skeletal
Cardiac
Which nervous system controls the different types of muscle tissue
Smooth - auto
Skeletal - central
Cardiac - auto
What are the functions of the different types of muscle tissue
Smooth - regulation of blood flow, moving material, etc
Skeletal - movement
Cardiac - contraction of the heart
What are the types of contractions of the different types of muscle tissue
Smooth - smooth and rhythmic
Skeletal - strong and rhythmic
Cardiac - strong and voluntary
Detail the differnt layers of skeletal muscle
Epimysium - a layer of collagen fibres that separates muscle from organs
Perimysium - divides muscle into bundles of fibres with blood vessels and nerves
Endomysium - covers the muscle fibres
Tendon vs aponeurosis
Tendon - tough fibrous tissue that attaches muscle to bone. Allows the body to move and be flexible
Aponeurosis - flat connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone or other muscles. Allows the body to be strong and stable
What are fascicles
A bundle of muscle fibres
Detail the anatomy of a muscle fibre
Endomysium - covers the muscle fibres
Sarcoplasmic reticulum -
Myofibrils - bundles of protein filaments (myosin and actin)
Myosin
Actin
Sarcomere - the overlap of myosin and actin
Name 3 types of skeletal muscle and their energy source
Slow twitch (type 1) oxidative
Fast twitch (type 2a) oxidative and glycolytic
Fast twitch (type 2b) glycolytic
What are key features of type 1 muscle fibres
- Good for endurance/aerobic activities
- Lots of mitochondria and oxygen
- resistant to fatigue
- repetitive low level contractions
What are key features of type 2a muscle fibres
- Good for anaerobic activities
- Great for strength, speed and power
- High levels of mitochondria, creatine phosphate and glycogen
- A hybrid of type 1 and type 2b
- Fast and strong contractions
What are key features of type 2b muscle fibres
- Few mitochondria
- Rapid fatigue
- Fast and strong contractions
The pH of muscle compared to blood is
0.4-0.6 pH lower
