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Physiology Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

Franz Gall

A

phrenology

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2
Q

Pierre Flourens

A

early studies using extirpation (ablation)

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3
Q

William James

A

functionalism: styling how mental processes help individuals adapt to their environment

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4
Q

John Dewey

A

Functionalism

Criticized the idea of a reflexive arc

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5
Q

Hermann von Helmholtz

A

measured speed of a nerve impulse

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6
Q

Sir Charles Sherrington

A

inferred the idea of a synapse

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7
Q

Lateral hypothalamus

A

LH = lacking hunger

hunger center, detects when your body needs food

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8
Q

aphagia

A

disruption of lateral hypothalamus causes one to not want to eat

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9
Q

vetromedial hypothalamus

A

VH = very hungry

satiety center, tells body when you’ve had enough to eat

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10
Q

hyperphagia

A

excessive eating

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11
Q

anterior hypothalamus

A

sexual behavior

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12
Q

extrapyramidal motor system

A

gather info about body position and sends info to brain

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13
Q

septum

A 
primary pleasure center
inhibits aggression (can result in septal rage if it is damaged)
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14
Q

James Olds & Peter Milner

A

discovered that rats will self-stimulate the septum

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15
Q

Hendrick Kluver & Paul Bucy

A

linked amygdala with defensive/aggressive behavior

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16
Q

Kluver-Bucy syndrome

A

bilateral removal of amygdala

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17
Q

association area

A

combines input from many brain regions (i.e. prefrontal cortex)

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18
Q

projection area

A

receive incoming sensory info or send out motor-impulse commands (i.e. visual cortex)

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19
Q

parietal lobe

A

somatosensory cortex

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20
Q

Hubel & Wiesel

A

physiology of visual perception

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21
Q

which lobe is the auditory cortex in?

A

temporal lobe

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22
Q

Sperry & Gazzaniga

A

studied epileptic patients and found that the ones who had severed corpus callosum did not have inter-hemispheric communication

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23
Q

resting position has a slight ____ charge

A

negative

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24
Q

graded potential

A

postsynaptic potentials in dendrites vary depending on intensity based on how much the receptor is stimulated

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25
acetylcholine is associated with which disorder?
alzheimer's
26
epinephrine (adrenaline) is associates with which behavior?
fight or flight response
27
acetylcholine is associated with which behavior?
voluntary muscle control
28
norepinephrine is associates with which behavior?
wakefulness and alertness
29
norepinephrine is associates with which disorder?
depression and mania
30
dopamine is associates with which disorder?
schizophrenia, parkinson's
31
dopamine is associates with which behavior?
smooth movements and steady posture
32
serotonin is associates with which disorder?
depression and mania
33
serotonin is associates with which behavior?
mood, sleep, eating, dreaming
34
GABA is associates with which disorder?
anxiety
35
GABA is associates with which behavior?
brain "stabilizer"
36
benzodiazepine
sedative-hypnotic (depressant)
37
barbiturates
sedative-hypnotic (depressant)
38
korsakoff's syndrome
due to alcohol, sedative-hypnotic (depressant), anterograde amnesia
39
methylphenidate
ritalin, amphetamine, increases alertness and decreases motor activity
40
thorazine
antipsychotic drugs for delusions and hallucinations
41
chlorpromazine
antipsychotic drugs for delusions and hallucinations
42
phenothiazine
antipsychotic drugs for delusions and hallucinations
43
haloperidol (haldol)
antipsychotic drugs for delusions and hallucinations
44
opium
narcotic
45
heroin
narcotic
46
morphine
narcotic
47
master gland
pituitary
48
two parts of pituitary gland
anterior and posterior
49
anterior pituitary gland
master, releases hormones that regulate activities of endocrine glands controlled by hypothalamus
50
thyroid gland
metabolism, growth and development
51
adrenal medulla
produces epinephrine/adrenaline which increases sugar output of liver increases HR
52
progesterone
prepares uterus for implantation of embryo
53
gonadatrophin
produced and released by pituitary gland | activates production of sex hormones
54
FSH
stimulates the growth of an ovarian follicle (protective sphere surrounding egg)
55
LH
ovulation, releases an egg from one of the ovaries
56
stereotaxic instrument
used to locate brain areas when elect roes are implanted to make lesions or stimulate nerve cell activity
57
Wilder Penfield
mapped out different areas of the brain through electrical stimulation
58
regional cerebral blood flow
detects broad patters of neural activity based on increased blood flow to different parts of the brain
59
apraxia
impairment in organization of motor function
60
reticular formation
brain stem, keeps cortex awake and altert
61
sleep stage 1 type of wave & description
theta sleep spindles k complex
62
sleep stage 2 type of wave
theta
63
sleep stage 3 type of wave & description
delta | slower waves
64
sleep stage 4 type of wave & description
delta slowest waves steep sleep spindles
65
awake type of wave & description
awake and alert: beta fast reg activity awake and relaxed: alpha slow eeg activity
66
james-lange
physiological reaction --> emotion
67
connon-bard
emotions --> physiology/behavior
68
schacter-singer
two factor theory of emotion | experience of emotion is based on interaction between changes in physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation

Psychology (6 decks)

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