Piagets Stages Of Intellectual Development Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 4 stages of intellectual development proposed by Piaget?

A

Sensorimotor (0-2)
Pre-operational (2-7)
Concrete-operational (7-11)
Formal operations (11+)

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2
Q

What are the 4 main cognitive abilities according to Piaget?

A

Object permanence
Class inclusion
Egocentrism
Conservation

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3
Q

Outline the sensorimotor stage of intellectual development.

A

-Between 0-2years.
-Child focuses on physical sensations + develops basic language.
-Develop object permanence around 8ms.

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4
Q

Outline the pre-operational stage of intellectual development.

A

-Between 2-7.
-Abilities of class inclusion, egocentrism and conservation begin to develop.
-Language becomes more sophisticated.

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5
Q

Outline the concrete operational stage of intellectual development.

A

-Between 7-11.
-Children can do conservation tasks.
-Can demonstrate class inclusion.
-Language + logic continues to solidify.
-Unable to do abstract reasoning.

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6
Q

Outline the formal operations stage of intellectual development.

A

-Capable of scientific thinking.
-Able to focus on form of argument and not be distracted by its contents.
-Skills are solidified.

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7
Q

What is meant by object permanence?

A

The ability to understand that an object still exists even when it passes out of the visual field.

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8
Q

What is meant by conservation?

A

The ability to understand that the quantity of an object remains the same even when its appearance changes.

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9
Q

What is meant by egocentrism?

A

A child’s tendency to only view the world from their own point of view and the inability to understand things from different POVs.

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10
Q

What is meant by class inclusion?

A

The ability to understand that a group of objects can form a class and can be a subset of an even larger group

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11
Q

Outline the procedure of Piaget’s 3 mountains task.

A

Assessed egocentrism in children 4-8

Procedure: children shown a model of mountains.
Doll placed on one mountain - children shown various POVs and asked to match to doll’s POV.

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12
Q

Outline the results + conclusions of Piagets 3 mountains task.

A

Results: Children chose the image which represented their own POV.
Conclusions: Children in the pre operational stage are egocentric.

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13
Q

Outline the procedure of McGarrigle and Donaldson’s conservation study.

A

Procedure: Children shown row of pennies - this was rearranged to appear longer by a ‘naughty teddy bear’.
-Children were asked whether there were more pennies after the teddy pushed them.

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14
Q

Outline the results + conclusions of McGarrigle and Donaldson’s study.

A

Results: Children younger than the concrete operational stage stated the number of pennies remained the same.
Conclusions: Children below the concrete operational stage can understand conservation.

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15
Q

Give 2 weaknesses of Piaget’s stages of intellectual development.

A
  1. Conflicting evidence.
    Hughes: children between 3 + 4 could position doll where a single police man couldn’t see it. Some able to hide doll from 2.
    Shows pre-operational children can take other POVs.
    Original exp may have been confusing, biasing results.
  2. Flawed research.
    McGarrigle + Donaldson: replicated exp and added ‘naught teddy’ condition. 76 % of children stated Number of counters remained the same after teddy pushed them.
    Shows pre-operational children can conserve.
    Piaget was wrong about conservation age.
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16
Q

What is one strength of Piaget’s stages of intellectual development?

A
  1. Real life app.
    Parents can teach their children abilities through playing with them e.g using dolls for object permanence + egocentrism.
    Shows abilities can be strengthened.