PID Flashcards
What is PID
Inflammation of female reproductive organs occurs when an infection spreads from vagina up to the upper female genital tract. May be acute or chronic.
May inckude endometritis, salpingitis, oophoritis, tubulo ovarian complex/abscesses, local pelvis and general peritonitis
List some of the risk factors for PID (8)
Early sexual debut
Having multiple sex partners
Sexual relationship with a person with more than one
Having sex without a condom
Low parity
Previous PID or STI
Low SES
Douching which upsets normal vaginal balance
Discuss the pathogenesis (4) and pathology of PID (3)
Primarily
Primary incvaders are introduced during sexual intercourse
Also via insertion of IUCD, after uterine curettage and after hysteroscopy.
Most common pathogens causing PID are:
Chlamydia trachomatis
Nisseria gonorrhoea
Anaerobes eg Gardnerella vaginalis
Secondary invasion occurs usually by normal flora normally anaerobes and gram negatives
List some of the complications of PID (4)
Ectopic pregnancy (After scarring in tubes and uterus)
Infertility
Chronic pelvic pain (also pain during sex)
Tubulo-ovarian abscesses
List the symptoms of PID (6)
Lower abdominal pain
Offensive vaginal discharge
Unusual bleeding during or after sex or in between periods
Pain during sex
Fever
Frequency and dysuria
What are some of other differentials for PID (4)
Ectopic pregnancy
Appendicitis
UTI incl cystitis, pyelonephritis
Ovarian cyst complications incl rupture, torsion or infection
List the stages of PID progression
Stage 1 Early salpingitis -mild to moderate tenderness
State 2 Late salpingitis - moderate to severe tenderness
Stage 3 tubulo ovarian complex/abscess
Stage 4 Rupture of tubulo ovarian complex
Stage 5 ARDS
Descuss the investigations you would do for PID (7)
Urine pregnancy
Urine dipstix
WCC
HIV&syphilis
Pap smear
Transnational US but not always indicated
Pus swabs of the vagina and cervix
