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IWS North / Piemonte > Piemonte / Grape Varieties > Flashcards

Piemonte / Grape Varieties Flashcards

1
Q

Which 3 grapes has Piemonte built its reputation on?

A

Nebbiolo, Barbera and Moscato Bianco

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2
Q

Do red or white grapes dominate Piemonte’s vineyard?

A

red varieties (2/3 of all plantings)

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3
Q

What is the most widely planted grape?

A

Barbera (30%)

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4
Q

Where is Barbera planted?

A

throughout entire region; stronghold in Asti and Alessandria provinces

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5
Q

What is the 3rd most planted variety?

A

Dolcetto

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6
Q

Where is Dolcetto mostly planted?

A

Langhe and southern hills of Monferrato

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7
Q

How many DOC/Gs are dedicated to Dolcetto?

A

7

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8
Q

What are the Dolcetto DOCGs?

A

Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore DOCG / Ovada DOCG
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG
Dogliani DOCG

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9
Q

What are the Dolcetto DOCs?

A

Dolcetto d’Alba DO
Dolcetto d’Asti DOC
Dolcetto d’Acqui DOC
Dolcetto di Ovada DOC

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10
Q

Which variety has the greatest reputation?

A

Nebbiolo

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11
Q

What are the 2 most prestigious Nebbiolo appellations?

A

Barolo and Barbaresco

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12
Q

Which 8 appellations have Nebbiolo as their primary variety?

A

Barolo, Barbaresco, Carema, Gattinara, Ghemme, Langhe Nebbiolo, Nebbiolo d’Alba, and Roero

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13
Q

What is the second most planted variety in Piemonte?

A

Moscato Bianco

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14
Q

Which variety is planted in Gavi DOCG?

A

Cortese (white)

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15
Q

Which 4 varieties represent 70% of all plantings in Piemonte?

A

Barbera, Moscato Bianco, Dolcetto and Nebbiolo

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16
Q

Which varieties were mostly replanted after phylloxera hit Piemonte: local or international?

A

local varieties

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17
Q

What percentage of vineyards makes up international varieties?

A

less than 4%

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18
Q

Which international varieties are the most planted in Piemonte?

A

Chardonnay, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Nero

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19
Q

Where is the native home of Barbera?

A

Monferrato

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20
Q

Is Barbera late- or early-ripening?

A

late-ripening

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21
Q

What is Barbera’s key attributes?

A

productive and keeps acidity when fully ripe

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22
Q

What is Barbera’s profile?

A

deep color, red cherry fruit, high acidity, low tannins

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23
Q

What can be done to add to Barbera’s structure

A

oak maturation (new barriques); adds tannins and toast/vanilla aromas/flavors

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24
Q

What is the traditional way of making Barbera?

A

large neutral oak casks

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25
Which grape was the most planted in Piemonte before phylloxera?
Dolcetto
26
What does Dolcetto mean?
little sweet one - refers to sweetness of grape at harvest
27
Why is Dolcetto highly valued by growers?
ripens earlier and ripens on cooler and higher sites than Barbera and Nebbiolo
28
What is Dolcetto's profile?
black plum, licorice and almond, low acid, noticeable tannins give bitter finish
29
What are the 7 main red varieties in Piemonte?
``` Barbera Brachetto Dolcetto Freisa Grignolino Nebbiolo Ruchè ```
30
Where does the name Nebbiolo come from?
from the word nebbia (fog) | related to bloom that covers grape or fog covering hills during harvest
31
Is Nebbiolo early- or late-budding?
early-budding
32
Is Nebbiolo early- or late-ripening?
late-ripening?
33
Which soils does Nebbiolo prefer?
calcareous marls
34
Which sites does Nebbiolo prefer?
well-exposed, south-facing sites
35
What color is Nebbiolo wine?
pale ruby-garnet; turn orange with bottle age
36
What are the aromas of Nebbiolo wine?
rose, violet, red cherry, tar, licorice, forest floor
37
How do Nebbiolo aromas change with bottle age?
dried red fruit, dried rose petals, sweet spice, leather and truffles
38
What structure do Nebbiolo wines have?
high acidity, high tannins, high alcohol and high concentration
39
What is the main Nebbiolo biotype?
Lampia; most widely planted because of reliability
40
What are the 2 lesser Nebbiolo biotypes?
Bolla, Rosé
41
Which biotype is a viruses form of Lampia?
Michet
42
What are the 4 main Nebbiolo biotypes?
Lampia, Michet, Bolla, Rosé
43
Where is Freisa mostly planted?
Asti, Torino and Langhe
44
What is Freisa's profile?
light-colored, strawberry/raspberry aromas, high acidity
45
What styles can Freisa be made into?
dry or sweet, still frizzante and spumante
46
What is a characteristic note of Freisa?
bitterness balances with a little residual sugar
47
What is the historic home of Grignolino?
Monferrato
48
What does the name Grignolino mean?
grignole means pips in local dialect
49
What aromas does Grignolino wine have
red berry, pepper and herbs
50
What is the structure of Grignolino wine?
high acidity, high tannin, medium alcohol and light-bodied
51
What type of grape is Brachetto?
aromatic red variety
52
Where is Brachetto from?
town of Acqui Terme
53
What type of wine does Brachetto usually make?
fizzy and sparkling wines
54
Which white variety is similar to Brachetto?
Moscato Bianco
55
What aromas does Brachetto have?
strawberry and raspberry
56
What type of grape is Ruchè?
rare, aromatic red variety
57
Where is Ruchè from?
native to town of Castagnole (Asti province)
58
What aromas do Ruchè wines have?
rose, red fruit and spice
59
What are the 5 main white varieties grown in Piemonte?
``` Moscato Bianco Cortese Arneis Erbaluce Timorasso ```
60
What is the French name for Moscato Bianco?
Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains
61
What is Moscato Bianco mainly used for?
Asti Spumante - sweet sparkling wine
62
Which has a higher quality level: Asti Spumante or Moscato d'Asti?
Moscato d'Asti
63
What profile does Moscato Bianco have?
orange blossom, stone fruit, citrus with honey, musk and spice
64
Why does Cortese need restricted yields?
very productive variety
65
What is the profile of Cortese wines?
lemon zest, mineral, high acidity
66
Where does Cortese perform well?
around town of Gavi
67
What is the historic home of Arneis?
Roero hills
68
Who saved Arneis from extinction in the 1960s?
Bruno Giacosa and Vietti (Barolo and Barbaresco producers)
69
What does the name Arneis mean?
Arneis means difficult personality in local dialect
70
Why is Arneis difficult to grow?
prone to poor and irregular yields | drops acidity quickly when approaching ripeness
71
what is another name for Arneis?
Nebbiolo Bianco
72
What profile does Arneis have?
white flowers, stone fruit, pear with medium to full body
73
Where is Erbaluce native to?
town of Caluso (Canavese district in northern Piemonte)
74
What can Erbaluce be used for passito wines?
thick skin and high acidity
75
What profile do dry Erbaluce wines have?
floral, citrus and apple aromas with high acidity
76
Where is Timorasso native to?
Tortona hills (SE corner of Piemonte)
77
What type of grape is Timorasso?
ancient, rare, high-quality white variety
78
Why did plantings decline after phylloxera?
Cortese replaced it; easier to grow and more productive
79
Who save Timorasso from extinction in the 1980s?
Walter Massa
80
What is Timorasso's profile?
floral, citrus and honey aromas with high acidity and intense minerality

IWS North / Piemonte (16 decks)

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