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Flashcards in pituitary gland Deck (19)
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1
Q

thyroid weight

A

10-20g

2
Q

TSH is

A

thyrotropin

3
Q

TSH is from

A

anterior pituitary

4
Q

TSH does

A

drives production, storage and release from thyroid, under TRH control from hypothalamus

5
Q

two active thyroid hormones

A
  • thyroxine (T4)

- 3,5,3’ - triiodothyronine (T3)

6
Q

T4 is formed in

A

thyroid gland

7
Q

T3 is formed in

A

by deionisation in extra thyroidal tissues, particularly in the liver, kidney and thyroid (D1) and muscle, brain, pituitary, skin and placenta (D2)

8
Q

thyroid hormones are bound to

A

serum proteins

  • thyroxine binding globulin TBG
  • transthyretin TTR
  • albumin
  • lypoproteins
9
Q

bound thyroid hormones are

A

circulating storage pool

10
Q

unbound hormones are

A

available for uptake into tissues, and determine hormones biological activity

11
Q

T3 compared to T4

A

T3 is more active

variability in tissue distribution of receptors

12
Q

presentation of thyroid disease

A
  • may be symptomatic or asymptomatic
  • range of pathological processes can lead to the same symptomatology
  • diagnosis needs to consider anatomical, biochemical factors as well as time course and pathological process
13
Q

euthyroid

A

normal function

14
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

too much thyroid hormone

15
Q

hypothyroidism

A

too little thyroid hormone

16
Q

goitre

A
  • may be unilateral, bilateral or diffuse
    compression effects - by narrowing of the thoracic inlet or by impact on adjacent structures impacting airway, oesophagus, large vessels, nerves
  • usually not painful
17
Q

hyperplasia of the thyroid

A

gland becomes enlarged - too many cells
diffuse hyperplasia - graves disease
multi nodular goitre/nodular colloid goitre - nodular areas in the thyroid becoming hyperplastic causing enlarged goitre

18
Q

neoplasia of the thyroid

A
  • ademonas - benign, follicular, hurthle cell, other

- carcinomas (malignant) - papillary, follicular, anapaestic, medullary

19
Q

inflammatory thyroiditis

A
  • Hashimoto - autoimmune
  • lymphocytic
  • granulomatous