PK/PD of Ethanol

Question 1

Alcohol has ____-order absorption in the GI system

Answer 1

first

Question 2

What delays alcohol absorption?

Answer 2

Lipids and proteins- leads to a lower peak and AUC

Question 3

What enhances alcohol absorption?

Answer 3

Water and carbonation- leads to a higher peak and AUC

Question 4

Where is alcohol primarily absorbed

Answer 4

Small intestine

Question 5

Gastric bypass procedures ____ rate of alcohol absorption

Answer 5

Increase, implications of a zero-order metabolism

Question 6

Vd of ethanol is equal to what?

Answer 6

Total body water

Question 7

What populations have a smaller Vd for alcohol and why?

Answer 7

Women and obese patients, because they have more adipose tissue (which alcohol distributes poorly into!)

Question 8

Where does alcohol rapidly cross and why?

Answer 8

BBB because it’s a small molecule

Question 9

What kind of metabolism does alcohol have?

Answer 9

Capacity-limited/Michaelis-Menten

Question 10

Alcohol has ____-order metabolism via alcohol dehydrogenase

Answer 10

Zero

Question 11

A small amount of alcohol is metabolized by what CYP enzyme?

Answer 11

CYP2E1, but it doesn’t really do much to speed the CL up

Question 12

Gender differences in alcohol PK in women

Answer 12

Ethanol distributes to total body water and lean mass and women have a smaller Vd/kg

Women have less efficient pre-hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase so they have a greater bioavailability