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Anatomy and Physiology > Placenta > Flashcards

Placenta Flashcards

1
Q

true or false, the placenta is an ephemeral organ?

A

true, temporary organ

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2
Q

is the placenta kept in the body after the baby is born?

A

no, the placenta is eliminated from the body

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3
Q

true or false, the placenta is more metabolically active than both the mother and fetus

A

true

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4
Q

is the placenta very vascular?

A

yes

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5
Q

true or false, the placenta is a motherly derived organ?

A

false, it is fetally derived

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6
Q

what attaches to the uterine wall and begins the formation of the placenta?

A

blastocyst

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7
Q

what cell type of the blastocyst invades the endometrium?

A

trophoblast cells

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8
Q

what are the two types of trophoblasts?

A

external multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast (STB) layer & inner cytotrophoblast layer

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9
Q

what happens to the STB layer two weeks after fertilization?

A

villi structures form towards the decidual layer of the mother’s uterus

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10
Q

what do trophoblast cells produce?

A

human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)

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11
Q

what is the function of HCG?

A

prolongs the life of the corpus luteum which keeps making progesterone and estrogen until the placenta can take over

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12
Q

what is histiotrophic nutrition?

A

spiral arteries are occluded so the embryo gets nutrition from the uterine gland secretions

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13
Q

what is hemotrophic nutrition?

A

spiral arteries open, maternal blood fills intervillous space, fetus nourished from maternal blood

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14
Q

is blood in fetal arteries to the placenta oxygenated or deoxygenated?

A

deoxygenated

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15
Q

what is the term for when maternal blood is in direct contact with the chorion?

A

hemochorial

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16
Q

what is the function of chorionic villi?

A

invade decidual basalts (maternal decidual tissue) producing wedge-shaped areas

17
Q

do male of female fetuses gow faster?

A

male

18
Q

do more males or females die during the perinatal period?

A

males

19
Q

what is the chorionic disk?

A

placental disk, outer layer

20
Q

what is the amnionic sac

A

inner layer

21
Q

what is the most dangerous form of twinning?

A

monoamniotic and monochorionic because they share both placenta and amniotic sac

22
Q

when does marginal and velamentous umbilical cord insertion occur?

A

when the embryo does not face the endometrium when it implants

23
Q

where is the umbilical cord inserted in velamentous insertion?

A

in the membrane between the amnion and chorion, vessels are less protected and can rupture

24
Q

what is the main problem associated with a long umbilical cord?

A

cord entanglement, knots, excessive coiling, constriction, fetal distress

25
Q

what is the main problem associated with a short umbilical cord?

A

premature separation of the placenta

26
Q

what is a Mo/Mo placenta?

A

cord entanglement when twins share an amniotic sac

Anatomy and Physiology (7 decks)

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