Plains Indians

Question 1

What were the Great Plains?

Answer 1

large, flat grasslands

Question 2

What were 2 physical barriers of the Great Plains?

Answer 2

rocky mountns. & mississippi river

Question 3

What is a push factor?

Answer 3

something that pushes someone to move away from their home

Question 4

What is a pull factor?

Answer 4

something that attracts someone to move somewhere

Question 5

Give an example of a Plains Indians tribe

Answer 5

Sioux

Question 6

What was a push factor for the Sioux moving onto the Great Plains?

Answer 6

other Indian nations pressuring with threat of attack

Question 7

What was a pull factor for the Sioux moving onto the Great Plains?

Answer 7

lots of buffalo - continue nomadic lifestyle

Question 8

Why were buffalo important to the Plains Indians way of life?

Answer 8

PI= nomadic & followed buffalo herd’s migration -> hunt them

Question 9

What parts of the buffalo did the Plains Indians use? give examples

Answer 9

All of it! except <3
eg. skins = tipis, bladders = food bags

Question 10

Why did the Plains Indians not use the buffalo heart?

Answer 10

left on Great Plains as believed to bring new life

Question 11

What are 3 reasons horses were important to the Plains Indians way of life?

Answer 11

essential to hunting buffalo, raiding tribes for resources & transport

Question 12

What are tipis made out of?

Answer 12

10-20 buffalo skins

Question 13

Why were tipis important for the Plains Indians way of life?

Answer 13

practical for a nomadic lifestyle as women could put them up & down - 10 mins

Question 14

What did the Plains Indians believe about land ownership?

Answer 14

could not be owned

Question 15

Why was mining seen as disrespectful?

Answer 15

no one could own the land

Question 16

What land was sacred to the Plains Indians? Why?

Answer 16

Black Hills of Dakota - believed to be closest to spirit world

Question 17

What was the Sun dance?

Answer 17

importany ceremony led by medicine man. Men tortured themselves & hoped to get guidance about questions they had

Question 18

How did boys gain their adult name?

Answer 18

go to sweat lodge for few days, to pray, fast and for Shaman to interpret visions to gain name

Question 19

How could spirits be contacted?

Answer 19

visions

Question 20

Why did the Plains Indians think circles were important?

Answer 20

believed everything has cycle

Question 21

What was scalping?

Answer 21

removing scalp of enemy so that they cannot get to afterlife

Question 22

Why did the Plains Indians ‘scalp’?

Answer 22

dying in battle was not heroic

Question 23

What was ‘Counting Coup’?

Answer 23

instead of killing enemy, touch him with coup stick and record by making notches on coup stick

Question 24

Why did the Plains Indians ‘Count coup’?

Answer 24

braver to touch enemy with coup stick than kill & increase rank as warrior

Question 25

Give 2 examples of weapons used.

Answer 25

bows & arrows spears

Question 26

How were Plains Indians attitudes to warfare compared to the white settlers?

Answer 26

raids only happen if looked successful American soldiers disagreed with retreating

Question 27

What was a warrior brotherhood?

Answer 27

younger men trained in warrior skills, beliefs & values

Question 28

What did warrior brotherhoods not believe in compared to American soldiers?

Answer 28

peace treaties

Question 29

What was manifest destiny?

Answer 29

White settlers belief that it was God's will for them to 'civilise ' West

Question 30

What was the Indian Removal Act?

Answer 30

1830 - PIs were forced to move onto Great Plains & thousands died Trail of Tears

Question 31

What was the Indian Trade and Intercourse Act? When was it?

Answer 31

1834 - establishment of the Permanent Indian Frontier

Question 32

What was the Permananent Indian Frontier and its impact?

Answer 32

boundary separating PIs & WSs - conflict & tension between PIs & WSs

Question 33

When did the USA gain the California territory?

Answer 33

1848 - after winning war with Mexico

Question 34

What was the impact of the USA gaining new territories in the West? eg. California

Answer 34

less freedom of movement for PIs & conflict from white army

Question 35

What was the Indians Appropriations Act? When was it created?

Answer 35

1851 - PIs had to move onto reservations to encourage farm life like WIs

Question 36

What was the impact of the Indians Appropriations Act on the Plains Indians?

Answer 36

changed culture - nomadic -> reservations