Planet

Question 1

what is the planet sequence

Answer 1

1. mercury
2. venus
3. earth
4. mars
5. Jupiter
6. staurn
7. uranus
8. neptune

Question 2

what are stars

Answer 2

fiery balls of plasma and gas

Question 3

what are planets

Answer 3

large rocky spheres that orbit a star or large spheres full of gas

Question 4

what is orbit

Answer 4

the path a planet takes to go around a star

Question 5

what does a planet need to be habitable

Answer 5

1. liquid water
2. right temperature - not too hot, not too cold

Question 6

what is the goldilocks zone

Answer 6

an area in the solar system where the temperature is not too hot and cold, has liquid water and can support plant and animal life

Question 7

what is the axis

Answer 7

an imaginary line going from the north to south pole

Question 8

how is the axis positioned

Answer 8

tilted

Question 9

what would happen if the axis was not tilted

Answer 9

we would not have 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night

Question 10

how long is one year

Answer 10

365 days or 52 weeks

Question 11

what angle is the axis on

Answer 11

23.5 degrees

Question 12

what does earth spin on

Answer 12

its axis

Question 13

what does earth orbit around

Answer 13

the sun

Question 14

what does orbiting around the sun cause

Answer 14

1. day and night
2. seasons
3. year length

Question 15

how long is one day

Answer 15

24 hours

Question 16

what is it called when earth spins on its axis

Answer 16

it is called a rotation

Question 17

what direction does earth rotate towards

Answer 17

East to West or Anticlockwise. Therefore, sun rises in east and sets in west

Question 18

what causes day and night

Answer 18

earth’s rotation on its axis

Question 19

what side is daytime

Answer 19

the side that is facing the sun

Question 20

what side is nighttime

Answer 20

the side that is facing away from the sun`

Question 21

how long does it take to make a full rotation

Answer 21

24 hours

Question 22

what direction are we facing in summer

Answer 22

tilted towards the rays of the sun

Question 23

what direction are we facing in winter

Answer 23

tilted away from the rays of the sun

Question 24

what is the sun like in summer

Answer 24

1. sun rays are more concentrated
2. the sun is higher in the sky
3. sun rays point you from above

Question 25

what is the sun like in winter

Answer 25

1. sun rays are more spread out 2. sun rays are less concentrated 3. sun rays aren't as warm 4. sun is lower in the sky 5. sun rays point towards you

Question 26

what is the temperature of a planet determined by

Answer 26

determined by the distance from the sun of the planet

Question 27

what determines seasons

Answer 27

seasons are determined by the axis tilt 1. medium tilt (around 23,5) = around 4 seasons 2. no tilt or low tilt = no seasons 3. high tilt = lots of seasons

Question 28

what determines the length of a day

Answer 28

how long it takes a planet to rotate once on its axis

Question 29

how many spheres does earth have

Answer 29

4

Question 30

what are the 4 spheres and what do they represent?

Answer 30

1. hydrosphere = water in a solid or liquid state (oceans, rivers, lakes, seas) 2. geosphere or lithosphere = system associated with the solid rocky portions of Earth and all the things that shape Earth the way it is (rock, mountains, sea bed) 3. atmosphere = particles in the air (clouds, gases, hurricanes) 4. biosphere = all living things on Earth (animals, plants)

Question 31

what are constellations

Answer 31

groups of stars forming a recognizable pattern that is traditionally named after its apparent form or identified with a mythological figure.

Question 32

what are star clusters

Answer 32

a star cluster is a group of stars that share a common origin and have been gravitationally bound together for some time

Question 33

what are the 4 layers of the earth and their definition

Answer 33

1. crust - the outer layer of the earth made of plates. we live on this. it is 8-65km thick 2. mantle - the layer of molten rock on which the crust floats on 3. outer core - liquid iron and nickel 4. inner core - solid iron and nickel

Question 34

what are plates

Answer 34

the earth is divided into many plates. they are constantly moving and have shaped the continents we see today

Question 35

what is the theory of continental drift

Answer 35

all continents used to be joined together and are slowly shifting their position

Question 36

what is a supercontinent

Answer 36

many continents joined together

Question 37

what supercontinent was NZ from

Answer 37

gondawa

Question 38

what was on NZ before humans arrived

Answer 38

their were no land-based mammals on earth before humans arrived

Question 39

what was similar about areas that used to be joined together

Answer 39

similar rock types, deserts, fossils, animals, biomes

Question 40

what happens when you heat a liquid or gas

Answer 40

it expands, becomes less dense and rises

Question 41

what happens when you cool a liquid or gas

Answer 41

the liquid or gas drops down and repeats the process

Question 42

what is convection

Answer 42

the process of gas or liquid heating up and rising and then cooling and dropping

Question 43

what are convection currents

Answer 43

convection currents are the process of convection in earth's mantle

Question 44

what causes plates to move

Answer 44

convection currents in the liquid mantle generated by heat from deep inside the core cause the Earth's plates to move

Question 45

how can plates move

Answer 45

they can move towards, away or slide past one another