Plant And Animal Breeding

Question 1

Cultivar

Answer 1

Variety of plant obtained from natural species by selection and/or genetic manipulation and maintained by cultivation.

Question 2

Deleterious

Answer 2

Referring to alleles of genes whose expression results in the formation of harmful characteristics.

Question 3

Genetic Transformation

Answer 3

Alteration of an organism’s genome by insertion of a DNA sequence from a different organism.

Question 4

Genome Sequencing

Answer 4

Establishing the order of the nucleotide bases all the way along an organism’s DNA

Question 5

Hybrid Vigour

Answer 5

Improved condition when by offspring of cross between two different inbred parental strains.

Question 6

Hybridisation

Answer 6

Process by which one variety of organism is crossed with a different variety to try to produce offspring better than either the parent.

Question 7

Inbreeding

Answer 7

Process by which close relatives are bred with one another and prevented from breeding at random.

Question 8

Inbreeding Depression

Answer 8

Deterioration in the quality of a strain of natural outbreeders that have been forcibly inbred.

Question 9

Outbreeding

Answer 9

Process involving the mating of unrelated members of the same species.

Question 10

Randomisation

Answer 10

Disordered arrangement of replicate treatments to eliminate bias.

Question 11

Replicate

Answer 11

One of several copies of a treatment set up to reduce the effect of experimental error.

Question 12

Selective Breeding

Answer 12

Process by which only the organisms with the best features are chosen as the parents of the next generation.

Question 13

Test Cross

Answer 13

Procedure carried out between an organism whose genotype for a trait is unknown and an organism who is homozygous recessive for the trait.

Question 14

Treatment

Answer 14

Way in which a plot is dealt with compared with other plots.

Question 15

Variety of plant obtained from natural species by selection and/or genetic manipulation and maintained by cultivation.

Answer 15

Cultivar

Question 16

Referring to alleles of genes whose expression results in the formation of harmful characteristics.

Answer 16

Deleterious

Question 17

Alteration of an organism’s genome by insertion of a DNA sequence from a different organism.

Answer 17

Genetic Transformation

Question 18

Establishing the order of the nucleotide bases all the way along an organism’s DNA

Answer 18

Genome Sequencing

Question 19

Improved condition when by offspring of cross between two different inbred parental strains.

Answer 19

Hybrid Vigour

Question 20

Process by which one variety of organism is crossed with a different variety to try to produce offspring better than either the parent.

Answer 20

Hybridisation

Question 21

Process by which close relatives are bred with one another and prevented from breeding at random.

Answer 21

Inbreeding

Question 22

Deterioration in the quality of a strain of natural outbreeders that have been forcibly inbred.

Answer 22

Inbreeding Depression

Question 23

Process involving the mating of unrelated members of the same species.

Answer 23

Outbreeding

Question 24

Disordered arrangement of replicate treatments to eliminate bias.

Answer 24

Randomisation

Question 25

One of several copies of a treatment set up to reduce the effect of experimental error.

Answer 25

Replicate

Question 26

Process by which only the organisms with the best features are chosen as the parents of the next generation.

Answer 26

Selective Breeding

Question 27

Procedure carried out between an organism whose genotype for a trait is unknown and an organism who is homozygous recessive for the trait.

Answer 27

Test Cross

Question 28

Way in which a plot is dealt with compared with other plots.

Answer 28

Treatment