Plant Form & Function - T2 S2

Question 1

(T/F) Plants are chemical factories for candy, herbs, and drugs.

Answer 1

true

Question 2

aboveground portion of plants

Answer 2

shoot

Question 3

supports leaves; composed of nodes, internodes, and the axillary bud

Answer 3

stem

Question 4

Storage, gas exchange, support, and photosynthesis are specialized ___ functions.

Answer 4

root

Question 5

Tendrils, stolons, rhizomes, tubers, and thorns all correlate to specialized ___ functions.

Answer 5

stem

Question 6

Storage, cotyledons, cactus spines, and sepals and petals of flowers are specialized ___ functions.

Answer 6

leaf

Question 7

become larger by adding units consisting of repeated nodes and internodes

Answer 7

shoots

Question 8

stop growing at mature size

Answer 8

determinate growth

Question 9

grow as long as environmental conditions allow

Answer 9

indeterminate growth

Question 10

regions that undergo active mitotic cell division, all of a plant’s new cells come from here

Answer 10

meristems

Question 11

What are the three main types of meristems?

Answer 11

apical, lateral, intercalary

Question 12

tips of roots and shoots, primary growth

Answer 12

apical meristem

Question 13

thickens stem or root, secondary growth

Answer 13

lateral meristem

Question 14

between nodes of mature stem, cells divide to regrow leaf

Answer 14

intercalary meristem

Question 15

makes up the majority of the primary body of a plant

Answer 15

ground tissue

Question 16

List the three main cell types that ground tissue consists of.

Answer 16

parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma

Question 17

Plant cells form what three main tissue systems?

Answer 17

ground tissue, dermal tissue, vascular tissue

Question 18

tissue consisting of the epidermis, the cuticle which coats the epidermis, and the guard cells surrounding the stomata

Answer 18

dermal tissue

Question 19

tissue that fills spaces

Answer 19

ground tissue

Question 20

tissue that shuttles materials between shoots and roots; consists of xylem, phloem, and the vascular bundle in stems and leaves

Answer 20

vascular tissue

Question 21

support leaves, grow and differentiate at tips

Answer 21

stems

Question 22

Where do new cells originate in stems?

Answer 22

apical meristem

daughter cells give rise to the 3 tissues

Question 23

remnants of apical meristem found here

Answer 23

axillary buds

Question 24

type of tissue which occupies most of stem volume

Answer 24

ground tissue

Question 25

Where are vascular bundles embedded? (different pattern in monocots and dicots)

Answer 25

in ground tissue

Question 26

primary organs of photosynthesis, most are composed of blade and petiole, axillary bud found at the base

Answer 26

leaves

Question 27

the vascular bundles in leaves

Answer 27

veins (2 main patterns)

Question 28

ground tissue inside a leaf

Answer 28

mesophyll

Question 29

composed mostly of parenchyma cells, most contain abundant chloroplasts, exchange materials with vascular tissue

Answer 29

mesophyll

Question 30

absorb water and minerals, anchor the plant

Answer 30

roots

Question 31

What are the 2 main patterns of roots that differ based on the fate of the primary root?

Answer 31

taproot system, fibrous root system

Question 32

What does the apical meristem produce in the root?

Answer 32

root cap, cells that become 2 tissues of root

Question 33

What are the zones of a root?

Answer 33

cell division, elongation, maturation

Question 34

produces xylem and phloem in woody plants, internal cylinder of meristem tissue, produces most of the diameter of a woody root or stem

Answer 34

vascular cambium

Question 35

forms a thin layer between the primary xylem and phloem

Answer 35

lateral meristem

Question 36

secondary xylem

Answer 36

wood

Question 37

bands of parenchyma cells

Answer 37

rays

Question 38

forms the innermost layer of live bark

Answer 38

secondary phloem

Question 39

lateral meristem that gives rise to cork to the outside and parenchyma to the inside, produces the outer layer of a woody stem or root

Answer 39

cork cambium

Question 40

the protective dermal tissue that covers a woody stem or root, originates from the cork cambium

Answer 40

periderm

Question 41

What are the 3 layers of the periderm?

Answer 41

living parenchyma, cork cambium, nonliving cork

Question 42

darker nonfunctional secondary xylem, sapwood is functional

Answer 42

heartwood

Question 43

form in temperate climate

Answer 43

tree rings

Question 44

complex chemicals made by plants that are not essential to the life of the plant, produced as pesticides

Answer 44

secondary compounds

Question 45

List some secondary plant compounds.

Answer 45

quinine, aspirin