Plant Poisoning

Question 1

What is the botanical name and toxin of Aththna?

Answer 1

Botanical Name: Datura stramonium | Toxin: Belladonna alkaloids (atropine, hyoscine, hyoscyamine)

Question 2

Which parts of Aththna are most poisonous, and what’s the fatal dose?

Answer 2

Most Poisonous: Flowers, stem, fruit, leaves, roots | Fatal Dose: 50-75 seeds

Question 3

What are the common circumstances of Datura poisoning?

Answer 3

Stupefying (mixed with cigarettes/sweets for robbery/rape), accidental (children), suicidal, rarely homicidal

Question 4

What is the botanical name and toxin of Divi Kaduru?

Answer 4

Botanical Name: Pagiyantha dicotoma (likely) | Toxin: Alkaloids, strychnine

Question 5

Which parts of Divi Kaduru are most poisonous?

Answer 5

Most Poisonous: Latex, fruit, seeds

Question 6

What are the signs and symptoms of Divi Kaduru poisoning?

Answer 6

Eye inflammation (latex), dryness of mucous membranes, thirst, dilated pupils, rapid pulse, psychomotor disturbances, hallucinations; accidental poisoning noted

Question 7

What is the botanical name, toxin, and fatal dose of Goda Kaduru?

Answer 7

Botanical Name: Strychnos nux-vomica | Toxin: Alkaloids (strychnine, brucine) | Fatal Dose: 1-2 seeds

Question 8

What are the circumstances of Goda Kaduru poisoning?

Answer 8

Strychnine injections (dogs), pesticides (rats), suicidal, accidental (traditional medicine), rarely homicidal (with alcohol)

Question 9

What are the signs and symptoms of strychnine poisoning from Goda Kaduru?

Answer 9

Bitter taste, intermittent/tonic seizures, affects all muscles, risus sardonicus, trismus, opisthotonus, respiratory distress, agonizing death (conscious)

Question 10

What is the common name for Diya Kaduru, Gon Kaduru, and Wel Kaduru?

Answer 10

Sea-Mango (Note: Limited data available)

Question 11

What is the botanical name and fatal dose of Kaneru (Yellow Oleander)?

Answer 11

Botanical Name: Thevetia peruviana | Fatal Dose: 2 seeds (all parts poisonous)

Question 12

What are the circumstances of Kaneru (Yellow Oleander) poisoning?

Answer 12

Folk medicine (abortifacient, leprosy, etc.), suicidal (common post-1983), accidental (children/adults), rarely homicidal

Question 13

What are the signs and symptoms of Kaneru (Yellow Oleander) poisoning?

Answer 13

Nausea, vomiting (pre-treatment); 2h post: vomiting 6-12h (toxin absorption), bradycardia; 8h post: heart block

Question 14

What is the botanical name and toxin of Kaneru (Nerium Oleander)?

Answer 14

Botanical Name: Nerium oleander | Toxin: Cardiac glycosides (oleandrin, nerin)

Question 15

Which parts of Nerium Oleander are most poisonous?

Answer 15

Most Poisonous: Pod, seeds, all parts

Question 16

What is a key symptom of Nerium Oleander poisoning?

Answer 16

Intermittent AV block (15h post-ingestion)

Question 17

What is the botanical name and fatal dose of Niyangala?

Answer 17

Botanical Name: Gloriosa superba | Fatal Dose: 10g tubers (all parts poisonous)

Question 18

What are the circumstances of Niyangala poisoning?

Answer 18

Herbal therapy (joint pains, abortion), accidental (mistaken for sweet potato), suicidal, rarely homicidal

Question 19

What are the signs and symptoms of Niyangala poisoning?

Answer 19

Dehydration, shock, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, bloody diarrhea (6-12h); Autopsy: hemorrhages in organs

Question 20

What is the botanical name, toxin, and effect of Weta Enderu?

Answer 20

Botanical Name: Jatropha curcas | Toxin: Toxalbumin curcin | 2 seeds cause purging

Question 21

What are the circumstances and symptoms of Weta Enderu poisoning?

Answer 21

Biodiesel plant, used as abortifacient/purgative; accidental (children): nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, shock, hypoglycemia, organ damage

Question 22

What is the botanical name, toxins, and fatal dose of Beheth Endaru?

Answer 22

Botanical Name: Ricinus communis | Toxins: Ricinin, ricin | Fatal Dose: 1 seed

Question 23

What are the signs and symptoms of Beheth Endaru poisoning?

Answer 23

3-20h: abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, cramps, collapse, organ dysfunction; Autopsy: hemorrhagic necrosis

Question 24

What is the botanical name and toxins of Hondala?

Answer 24

Botanical Name: Adenia palmata (likely) | Toxins: Cyanogenic glycosides, toxalbumin

Question 25

What are the circumstances and symptoms of Hondala poisoning?

Answer 25

Mistaken for passion fruit (accidental, children): vomiting, fever, dizziness, bloody diarrhea, myocarditis, retinopathy (2-3 weeks)

Question 26

What are the circumstances and symptoms of Olinda poisoning?

Answer 26

Native medicine/ornaments; accidental (children): nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hematemesis, hepatotoxicity, renal failure, convulsions

Question 27

What is the botanical name, toxin, and fatal dose of Kapum Kiriya?

Answer 27

Botanical Name: *Jatropha multifida* | Toxin: Toxalbumin jatropin | Fatal Dose: 1 seed

Question 28

What are the circumstances and symptoms of Kapum Kiriya poisoning?

Answer 28

Latex for wounds, juice for candidiasis; accidental (children): nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, shock, mimics organophosphate poisoning

Question 29

What is the botanical name and toxins of Kepunkirya?

Answer 29

Botanical Name: *Euphorbia hirta* | Toxins: Xanthoramine, gallic acid, phenolic substances

Question 30

What are the clinical effects of Kepunkirya poisoning?

Answer 30

Nausea, vomiting, drowsiness; monitor for cyanide poisoning

Question 31

What is the botanical name and toxin of Manyorka?

Answer 31

Botanical Name: *Manihot utilissima* | Toxin: Cyanogenic glycosides

Question 32

What are the symptoms of Manyorka poisoning?

Answer 32

Vomiting, abdominal pain, dehydration, loose stools, shock, drowsiness, convulsions

Question 33

What are the botanical names and toxins of Habarala, Ketala, and Caladium?

Answer 33

Habarala: *Alocasia macrorrhiza* (sapotoxin, calcium oxalate) | Ketala: *Dieffenbachia amoena* (calcium oxalate) | Caladium: *Caladium bicolor* (calcium oxalate)

Question 34

What are the circumstances and symptoms of Habarala, Ketala, and Caladium poisoning?

Answer 34

Accidental (children chewing stems); "dumbness," salivation, oral burning, edema (dysphagia, aphonia), gastritis, laryngeal edema, bradycardia, convulsions, renal failure

Question 35

What is the botanical name and toxin of Dumkolay?

Answer 35

Botanical Name: *Nicotiana tabacum* | Toxin: Nicotine

Question 36

What are the circumstances and symptoms of tobacco poisoning?

Answer 36

Accidental (children/adults); Mild: nausea, dizziness, tremor | Serious: confusion, collapse, convulsions, respiratory paralysis

Question 37

What is the botanical name, toxins, and fatal dose of Sadikka?

Answer 37

Botanical Name: *Myristica fragrans* | Toxins: Myristicin, elemicin | Fatal Dose: 3 seeds (adults), 2 (children)

Question 38

What are the circumstances and symptoms of nutmeg poisoning?

Answer 38

Spice/medicinal use; accidental (children): 3-6h onset, sweating, flushed face, dry mouth, tachycardia, hallucinations