Plant Tissues and Organs

Question 1

These are the most numerous type of cell in young plants. It is called the workhorse cells of plants and its main functions are: photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and storage.

Answer 1

Parenchyma Cells

Question 2

These are supporting cells which provide support to leaf petioles, non-woody stems and growing organs. Its main functions are:
provide flexible support
wind resistance

Answer 2

Collenchyma Cells

Question 3

These are the main supporting cells of a plant. They have a thick secondary cell wall that contains a substance called lignin (a component of wood).

Answer 3

Sclerenchyma Cells

Question 4

One of the types of sclerenchyma cells and are often organized into bundles.

Answer 4

Fibers

Question 5

One of the types of sclerenchyma cells which are packed together very densely.

Answer 5

Sclereids

Question 6

A group of closely associated cells.

Answer 6

Tissues

Question 7

These tissues are composed of dividing cells, responsible for the production of cells.

Answer 7

Merismatic Tissues

Question 8

The capacity for the division of cells is restricted to certain parts of the plant body.

Answer 8

Meristems

Question 9

One of the types of merismatic tissue which is responsible for the increase in the length of the plant.

Answer 9

Apical Meristem

Question 10

One of the types of merismatic tissue which is responsible for the increase in girth or diameter.

Answer 10

Lateral Meristem

Question 11

It forms the protective outer covering of the plant body. It protects the plant from physical damage and desiccation or drying out.

Answer 11

Dermal (Surface Tissue)

Question 12

It produces cutin to protect plants against loss of water. It is a secure boundary that only lasts for 1 year.

Answer 12

Epidermis

Question 13

It gives protection from predators and water loss. It replaces the epidermis. It constitutes the corky outer bark of old trees.

Answer 13

Periderm

Question 14

It is used in the production and storage of food and in the support of the plant (photosynthesis & storage of nutrients).

Answer 14

Fundamental (Ground Tissue)
e.g. Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma

Question 15

It primarily functions for the transport of water and dissolved substances upward in the plant body.

Answer 15

Xylem

Question 16

functions in the transport of organic materials (food) through the plant

Answer 16

Phloem

Question 17

The conducting cells in the xylem

Answer 17

Tracheary Elements

Question 18

More ancient tracheary elements

Answer 18

Tracheids

Question 19

A process when cells die

Answer 19

Apoptosis

Question 20

The water pipeline system in flowering plants, formed from vessel elements.

Answer 20

Vessel elements

Question 21

It is the characteristic cell of the phloem

Answer 21

Sieve tube member

Question 22

A narrow thread of cytoplasm that passes through cell walls and allows communication between cells.

Answer 22

Plasmodesmata

Question 23

The type of xylem similar in appearance to ordinary sclerenchyma fibers. It provides support.

Answer 23

Xylem fibers

Question 24

It is a type of xylem smaller in size than ordinary parenchyma cells. It performs storage functions.

Answer 24

Xylem Parenchyma

Question 25

It is a type of xylem which has long tubes made up of individual cells. They are shorter and much wider than tracheids.

Answer 25

Vessels

Question 26

It is a type of xylem more or less elongated cells with oblique and tapering walls. It is the chief water-conducting cells in gymnosperms.

Answer 26

Tracheids

Question 27

It is a type of tracheary element which has a helical or spiral appearance of the thickening.

Answer 27

Spiral

Question 28

It is a type of tracheary element which has thickenings appearing ladder-like.

Answer 28

Scalariform

Question 29

It is a type of tracheary element with rounded depressions or pore-like structures called pits.

Answer 29

Pitted Type

Question 30

It is a type of tracheary element which has a thickening appearing webbed or net-like.

Answer 30

Reticulate

Question 31

It is a type of tracheary element which has a cell wall thickening in ring-like forms.

Answer 31

Annular

Question 32

It is part of phloem complex permanent tissue which is small, nucleated parenchyma cells that are usually with sieve tubes.

Answer 32

Companion cells

Question 33

It is part of phloem complex permanent tissue which look like ordinary parenchyma cells.

Answer 33

Phloem fibers

Question 34

It is part of phloem complex permanent tissue which looks like ordinary parenchyma cells

Answer 34

Phloem parenchyma

Question 35

It is part of phloem complex permanent tissue which has elongated cells joined end to end.

Answer 35

Sieve tubes elements.

Question 36

Small pores in sieve tube elements

Answer 36

Sieve plates

Question 37

Living cells that do not have nuclei and their walls are not lignified.

Answer 37

Sieve tubes