plants part 1

Question 1

Root System functions

Answer 1

 Generally underground
 Obtains water and dissolved minerals for
the plant
 Anchors the plant firmly in place

Question 2

Shoot System functions

Answer 2

 Generally aerial
 Obtains sunlight
 Exchanges gases
 CO2 , oxygen, water vapor

Question 3

Shoot System Consists of

Answer 3

a vertical stem that bears leaves
 reproductive structures
buds

Question 4

main organs

of photosynthesis)

Answer 4

leaves

Question 5

buds are

Answer 5

 Buds (undeveloped embryonic shoots)

 develop on stems

Question 6

Vascular Tissue System functions

Answer 6

 Conducts materials throughout plant body

 Provides strength and support

Question 7

Xylem

Answer 7

Complex tissue, conducts water and

dissolved minerals

Question 8

Conducting cells of xylem

Answer 8

tracheids

 vessel elements

Question 9

Phloem

Answer 9

 Complex tissue, conducts sugar in solution

Question 10

 Conducting cells of phloem

Answer 10

sieve tube elements

 assisted by companion cells

Question 11

Dermal Tissue System is and contains

Answer 11

 Outer protective covering of plant body Epidermis or Periderm

Question 12

 Epidermis is

Answer 12

complex tissue

 covers herbaceous plant body

Question 13

Periderm is

Answer 13

complex tissue

 covers woody parts of plant body

Question 14

Epidermis function

Answer 14

 Waxy cuticle reduces water loss
Stomata permit gas exchange
 Trichomes (outgrowths or hairs)

Question 15

how does the  Waxy cuticle reduces water loss

Answer 15

secreted by epidermis covering aerial parts

Question 16

how does the  Stomata permit gas exchange

Answer 16

 between shoot system and atmosphere

Question 17

Growth in Plants _____ in specific regions called _____

Answer 17

Localized (meristems)

Question 18

what are the 3 groth processes in plants

Answer 18

 cell division
 cell elongation
 cell differentiation

Question 19

what 2 locations are Apical Meristems

Answer 19

 at tips of roots and shoots

 within buds of stems

Question 20

Apical Meristems arwe Responsible for

Answer 20

primary growth

Question 21

 Primary growth _____ roots and shoots throughout plants ____ ____ and occurs in ____ ___

Answer 21

lengthens, life span, all plants

Question 22

the 2 (______ and_____) cambiums are ______ meristems  Responsible for ______ _____

Answer 22

vascular, cork ,lateral secondary growth

Question 23

Secondary Growth

 Increase

Answer 23

stem or root girth (thickness)

Question 24

where does Secondary Growth occur

Answer 24

in long cylinders of meristematic cells

 throughout length of older stems and roots

Question 25

___ _____ have both ,_____ ______ in which they increase in height/length and _____ _____ in which they increase in thickness.

Answer 25

Woody plants ,primary growth secondary growth

Question 26

Leaves have

Answer 26

Broad, flat blade  Stalklike petiole  Some also have stipules  small, leaflike outgrowths from the base

Question 27

______ _____ coats epidermis helps plant survive dry terrestrial conditions

Answer 27

 Waxy cuticle

Question 28

_____ Covers _____ and ____ surfaces of leaf blade

Answer 28

epidermis upper, lower

Question 29

Stomata is the in epidermis |  permit for______ _____ photosynthesis

Answer 29

Small pores, gas exchange

Question 30

Stomata Surrounded by two _____ -_____

Answer 30

guard cells | _often associated with special epidermal cells(subsidiary cells)

Question 31

Mesophyll has

Answer 31

 Photosynthetic parenchyma cells

Question 32

what are the 2 types of Mesophyll

Answer 32

Palisade spongy mesophyll

Question 33

Palisade mesophyll |  functions

Answer 33

primarily for photosynthesis

Question 34

Spongy mesophyll |  functions

Answer 34

primarily for gas exchange

Question 35

 Monocot leaves have _____ venation Eudicot leaves |  have ____ venation

Answer 35

parallel, netted

Question 36

what are the 4 Adaptations for Photosynthesis

Answer 36

 Most leaves have broad, flattened blade, Stomata open during day, Transparent epidermis, Air spaces in mesophyll tissue

Question 37

in CAM plants the stomata open ____ because...

Answer 37

at night. arid environments

Question 38

where photosynthesis occurs on leaf sturcture

Answer 38

middle of leaf

Question 39

Transpiration is

Answer 39

Loss of water vapor from aerial parts of plants

Question 40

Transpiration occurs primarily

Answer 40

stomata

Question 41

Rate of Transpiration |  Affected by 3 environmental factors

Answer 41

temperature  wind  relative humidity

Question 42

Transpiration is _____ and _____to plant

Answer 42

beneficial and harmful

Question 43

Trade-off of Transpiration

Answer 43

CO2 requirement for photosynthesis |  need for water conservation

Question 44

Leaf Abscission is

Answer 44

 Loss of leaves (winter and dry period in tropical climates | with wet and dry seasons )

Question 45

list 6 leaves are modified for special funtions

Answer 45

Spines,Tendrils (warp around),Bud Scales ,Bulbs(onion) ,Succulent Leaves,Carnivorous Plants

Question 46

 Node on a stem is

Answer 46

 area on stem where leaf is attached

Question 47

Internode on a stem is

Answer 47

 region of stem between two nodes

Question 48

Vascular Cambium |  Lateral meristem that produces

Answer 48

secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem (inner bark)

Question 49

Cork Cambium Lateral meristem that produces

Answer 49

periderm cork parenchyma and cork cells

Question 50

 Cork cells

Answer 50

replaces epidermis in a woody stem

Question 51

Cork parenchyma

Answer 51

primarily for storage in a woody stem