Plasmodium, Babesia, Leishmania, Trypanosomes Flashcards
(28 cards)
Plasmodium falciprum schizont
Plasmodium falciprum early troph
Plasmodium vivax early trophozoite
Plasmodium malariae early troph
Leishmania tropica
infection route: phlebotomus (sand fly), multiplies in human macrophages
geography: urbal middle east
Lab test: skin scrapings, H+E stain, find amastigotes
pathology: Oriental sore, tropical sore, or Old World Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
skin ulcerations - self healing
Leishmania braziliensis
Life cycle: same as L. mexicana (Lytzomyia mosquito)
Geography: South america
Lab Diagnosis: nose cartilage biopsy
Pathology: Espundia (mucocutaneous nose disfiguration)
Plasmodium vivax developing troph
Leishmania major
vector - Phlebotomus sand fly
human host - multiplication in macrophages
geography: rural middle east, afghanistan, africa
Lab test: skin scrapings, H+E stains, find amastigotes
pathology: self healing sore
Trypanosoma brucei
Life cycle: vector teste fly, trypomastigotes in blood, lymph, CSF
Geography: West Africa (chronic) , East Africa (actue)
Lab Diagnosis: thick/thin smears, w/ tryapnosomes
Pathology: African Sleeping Sickness. Winterbottoms sign, fever, headache, coma
Plasmodium vivax
Life cycle: anopheles, blood transfusion, congenital geography: tropics, subtropics, temperate climates Lab tests: thick/thin blood smears, molecular method, serology Pathology: Benign tertian ( 48 hr), quartan ( 72 hr), benign tertian, 24 hr May present first with headache, photophobia, muscle aches, anorexia, nausea, sometimes vomiting Paroxysms - chills, shivering - fever, sweats merozoites released and produce the fever
Plasmodium falciprum troph
Plasmodium ovale gametocyte
Plasmodium ovale
life cycle: anopheles, blood transfusion, congenital geography: west africa, south pacific lab tests: thick/thin blood smear, molecular, serology Pathology: same as P malariae, and P vivax
Plasmodium ovale troph
Plasmodium malariae troph
Leishmania donovanii
Life cycle: Phlebotomus, transfusions, sexual contact, inefected macrohages throughout body
Geography: India, Middle East, Brazil
Lab diagnosis: bone marrow biopsy, liver biopsy, 3N culture media, PCR, rk39 antigen test
Pathology:
- fever, chills, headache, weakness, progressive anemia, anorexia
- Kala azar – black fever, in light colored people grayish discoloration of skin and having a fever
- Co-infection with HIV seen in France, Spain, Italy*(mnemonic: FSI)
Babesia spp.
Route of infection
Vector for B. microti: Ixodes scapularis blood transfusions, congenital
Geography – WW, where there are Black-legged ticks/(deer ticks – old name); East coast to Minnesota, Texas, Babesia organisms: WA1-Washington State, CA1-Calif, MO 1- Missouri; Babesia divergens- like- Washington state
Lab Diagnosis
Thick and thin blood films; serologic/immunologic studies; indirect fluorescent-antibody test; PCR tests
CAN BEE SEEN OUTSIDE RBC’s (Maltese cross)
Pathology - paroxysms – fever, chills, headache, muscle ache
Plasmodium vivax gametocyte
Plasmodium ovale schizont
Plasmodium falciprum gametocyte
Plasmodium falciprum
life cycle: Anopheles mosquito, blood transfusions, congenital Geography: tropics Lab tests: thick/thin prep, molecular methods, serology Pathology: Malignant tertian - paroxysms Cerebral malaria - coma, death; anemia Black water fever - hemolysis ( RBC’s lysing) seen in urine
Leishmania mexicana
Life cycle: same as L. tropica, and L. major LUTZOMYIA mosquito
Geography: southern texas to south america
lab test: tissue biopsy (cutaneous)
Pathology: new world cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Plasmodium ovale early troph
Trypanosoma cruzi
Life cycle: reduvid bug — humans (trypomastigotes in blood)
route of infection: fecal route, blood transfusions
Geography: central and south america
Lab diagnosis: thick smear (Giemsa stain), thin smear( Wright-Giesma stain) C-shape, immunassay tested in donated blood
Pathology: Chaga’s disease, cardiomyopathy, megacolon, megaesophagus, (CHE) Ramona’s sign (eyelid swollen)
