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Surgical Procedures 1 > Plastic Reconstructive Dental Maxillofacial Surgery > Flashcards

Plastic Reconstructive Dental Maxillofacial Surgery Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Blepharoplasty: definition

A

surgical reconstruction of the eyelids to improve facial appearance by removing excess skin or periorbital fat deposits

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2
Q

Blepharoplasty pathophysiology: dermatochalasis (2)

A
  • aka blepharochalasis*
  • orbital defects, excessive sun exposure, aging process
  • relaxation and hypertrophy of eyelid skin/periorbital fat protrusions
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3
Q

Brow Lift: definition

A

procedure to reduce/eliminate horizontal/vertical wrinkles of forehead and eyelid skin

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4
Q

Submalar Augmentation: definition

A

surgical reconstruction of the cheeks using synthetic prothesis to create facial contour for patients with bone structure/soft tissue deficiency

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5
Q

Mentoplasty: definition

A
  • aka genioplasty*

- chin augmentation using synthetic prosthesis to enhance lower jawline/establish contour

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6
Q

Mentoplasty pathophysiology: MICROGNATHIA

A

underdevelopment abnormal smallness of lower jaw

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7
Q

Mentoplasty pathophysiology: RETROGNATHIA

A

one or both jaws positioned posterior to facial plane

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8
Q

Otoplasty: definition (2)

A
  • reconstruction of the external ears

- reposition auricles to appear proportionate/contoured

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9
Q

Otoplasty pathophysiology: MICROTIA/PROMINAURIUS

A

Microtia: small ears
Prominaurius: prominent ears

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10
Q

Rhinoplasty: definition/wound class (3)

A
  • elective aesthetic*
  • reshape external nose without physical change to internal nasal passages
  • wound class 2: clean contaminated wound*
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11
Q

Septoplasty:

A

corrects anatomic defect of nose, not aesthetic procedure

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12
Q

Rhinoplasty: anesthesia (2)

A
  • lidocaine w/ epinephrine or cocaine provide hemostasis and decongestion
  • peformed under local anesthesia with IV sedation
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13
Q

Rhinoplasty: position

A

supine position in slight reverse trendeleburg

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14
Q

Rhinoplasty: skin prep

A

do not use CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE (oculotoix/ototoxic agent)

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15
Q

Rhinoplasty: instrumentation (2)

A
  • ballenger swivel knife

- jansen-middleton septum forceps

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16
Q

Rytidectomy: definition

A

aka facelift

remove or eradicate wrinkles/sagging skin of face and neck to improve appearance

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17
Q

Rhytidectomy: incision

A

made bilaterally within temporal hairline (5cm above ear), inferior to front of ear, around ear lobe to terminus at occipital cap

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18
Q

Rhytidectomy: specialty equipment/ wound classification (2)

A
  • class 1 wound*
  • due with closed wound drainage
  • 1 or two closed wound suction drainage systems (jackson pratt/hemovac)
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19
Q

Augmentation Mammoplasty: definition

A
  • reconstruction of female breast mounds
  • complete SUBMUSCULAR (
  • partial sub muscular (below pectorals major)
  • submammary approach (below breast tissue)
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20
Q

Augmentation Mammoplasty incision: PERIAREOLAR (2)

A
  • incision along inferior circumference of areola

- typically best concealed scar

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21
Q

Augmentation Mammoplasty incision: INFRAMAMMARY (2)

A
  • incision under natural breast crease

- most common incision

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22
Q

Augmentation Mammoplasty: tissue expanders

A

allows for gradual creation of excess soft tissue to support underlying prosthesis

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23
Q

Augmentation Mammoplasty pathophysiology: HYPOMASTIA

A

condition of having abnormal small breast

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24
Q

Augmentation Mammoplasty: Mastopexy (2)

A
  • re-positioning of the nipple

- involves little to no removal of breast tissue

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25
Breast Reconstruction (TRAM flap): definition
treat breast cancer when significant soft tissue loss from mastectomy makes prosthesis contraindicated
26
Breast Reconstruction (TRAM flap): 3 types of flaps
- myocutaneous - pedicle flaps - free flaps:
27
Breast Reconstruction (TRAM flap): TRAM (2)
* most common* - Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous (flap) - pedicle or free flap
28
Breast Reconstruction (TRAM flap): Latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap
pedicle flap used in conjunction with prosthesis
29
Breast Reconstruction (TRAM flap): doppler scanning/angiography
- allows assessment of flap vascularity | - uses doppler probe
30
Breast Reconstruction (TRAM flap): medication/eqipment
- fluroescein sodium (woods lamp) | - 2 cloused wound drainage systems to prevent deadspace
31
Abdominoplasty: definition
* elective aesthetic* | - improve appearance of abdominal wall by removing redundant skin & adipose tissue
32
Abdominoplasty: panniculectomy
* medically indicated* | - removal of pendulous apron to improve hygiene/skin breakdown
33
Abdominoplasty: suction lipectomy
* elective aesthetic* - liposuction - removal of fat deposits
34
Abdominoplasty: incision
*bikini incision* | low transverse curvilinear incision from iliac crest to iliac crest
35
Abdominoplasty: drains/wound class
``` *wound class 1* 1-2 closed wound suction drainage systems to prevent deadspace/hematoma ```
36
Palmar Fasciectomy: definition
partial or total excision of fascia in palm of hand to correct deformity & restore movement/function patients affected by Dupuytrens contracture
37
Polydactyly Correction: definition
removal of excess fingers/toes (supernumerary digits) and subsequent reconstruction/restoration of function
38
Polydactyly Correction: syndactyly
fusion of two or more fingers/toes; webbed fused digits
39
Mandibular Fractures: Arch Bars
outdated means of stabilizing fractured jaw by wiring mouth shut
40
Cheiloplsty (cleft lip repair): definition/wound class
*wound class 2* *ciloschisis; hare lip* correct congenital fusion failure of upper lip and possibly nose/palate
41
Cheiloplsty (cleft lip repair): rule of tens
applied to assess infants likely ability to withstand stress of surgery - hemoglobin 10 g/dl (grams per decileter) - 10 lbs - 10 weeks old
42
Cheiloplsty (cleft lip repair): speciaty supplies
-logans bow (cheek splint) prevents damage to repair
43
Cheiloplsty (cleft lip repair): counts (3)
- opening count - closing count w/ fascia closure - closing count w/ skin closure
44
Palatoplasty (cleft palate repair): definition (2)
* palatoschisis* - correct congenital fusion failure of the palate - minimize speech difficulties/improve feeding
45
Palatoplasty (cleft palate repair): position
*surgeon may cradle infants head* | supine with slight reverse trendelenberg head placed at top edge of table
46
Palatoplasty (cleft palate repair): specialty supplies (2)
- brunnell needle (tongue suture) | - Oral-Rae endotracheal tube
47
Palatoplasty (cleft palate repair): instrumentation (2)
- Dingman OR Mclvor mouth gag w/ assorted blades | - Jennings without blades
48
Palatoplasty (cleft palate repair): dressing
horozontal mattress suture placed through the body of the tongue prior to conclusion to aid in correcting airway obstructions/artificial airways
49
Palatoplasty (cleft palate repair): wound class
wound class 2
50
LeFort Maxillary fracture: definition (2)
- reconstructive surgery of the mid-face to correct fractures of the maxillae and craniofacial bones - fractures result of trauma or surgically created to treat deformities/ bite disorders
51
LeFort Maxillary fracture: fracture types
LeFort 1: transverse LeFort 2: pyramidal LeFort 3: craniofacial disjunction
52
LeFort 1 Maxillary fracture: position (3)
- supine - neck hyperextended - slight reverse trendelenberg
53
LeFort 1 Maxillary fracture: draping (2)
- throat pack with radiopaque marker | - prevents oral secretions, blood, irrigating, etc from entering pharynx
54
LeFort 1 Maxillary fracture: instrumentation
rowe forceps
55
LeFort 1 Maxillary fracture: counts
throat pack is included in count and removed prior to extubation
56
LeFort 1 Maxillary fracture: wound class
extraoral: wound class 1 intraoral: wound class 2
57
ORIF Orbital Fracture: pathophsyiology (2)
- trauma from fights/accidents resulting in fractures of the orbital floor and depression of contents into maxillary sinus - blow out fracture result of force applied to the anterior globe
58
Skin Grafting: autogaft
tissue obtained from same individual
59
Skin Grafting: isograft
tissue obtained from genetically identical individual
60
Skin Grafting: allograft (homograft)
tissue obtained from another individual of same species
61
Skin Grafting: xenograft (heterograft)
tissue obtained from dissimilar species
62
Skin Grafting: cultured epithelial autograft
tissue cultured and grown in lab
63
Skin Grafting: full thickness skin graft (3)
- consists of all elements epidermis/dermis - donor site mist be closed - withstands flexion, abrasion, better aesthetic results
64
Skin Grafting: split thickness skin graft
- epidermis and various depths of dermis - recipient site vascularizes rapidly - graft may be meshed
65
Skin Grafting: skin prep (3)
- prep performed consecutively/concurrently for each site - donor site (clean) performed first - recipient (dirty) performed second
66
Skin Grafting: motor powered dermatomes (2)
- requires use of lubricant/counter traction | - Brown, Padgett & Zimmer
67
Skin Grafting: drum type dermatomes
Reese, Padgett-Hood
68
Skin Grafting: handheld knife
* burn wound debridement* | - handheld manually powered instrument containing fixed or disposable blade
69
Skin Grafting: graft skin mesher
derma carrier mesh board
70
Skin Grafting: 1,2,3 burns
- 1st superficial/partial (sunburn) - 2nd deep partial thickness (blister) - 3rd full-thickness dry, tough, leathery,
71
Skin Grafting: rule of nines
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Surgical Procedures 1 (12 decks)

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