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ASC305 exam folder > Platyhelminths 1 > Flashcards

Platyhelminths 1 Flashcards

(36 cards)

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1
Q

2 platyhelminths (flukes) covered?

A

monogenea & trematoda

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2
Q

monogenea reproduction…

A

adult worm can produce eggs (oncomiracidia) or young worms

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3
Q

Monogenea morphology…

A

hermaphroditic (penis, testes, ovary & yolk gland), opisthaptor (area containing hooks & suckers)

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4
Q

Monogenea transmission…

A

direct contact -> direct lifecycle -> pop. explosions in aquaculture systems -> clinical disease

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5
Q

Monogenea treatment…

A

sea cage filled with solution of hydrogen peroxide to get rid of skin & gill flukes

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6
Q

3 different monogenean species?

A

Dactylogyrus spp. Gyrodactylus spp. Benedenia spp.

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7
Q

Dactylogyrus spp. info…

A

on gills freshwater eggs often resistant to chemical treatment thus weekly treatment over 34 weeks needed

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8
Q

Gyrodactylus spp. info…

A

skin & fins freshwater live young one treatment adequate

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9
Q

Benedenia spp. info…

A

affects Kingfish (Aus) affects skin & fins (feed off mucous & epithelial cells) chronic prob. in marine systems difficult to eliminate from system once established

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10
Q

Know general anatomy of trematodes

A

slide 15

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11
Q

Liver fluke (Fasciola spp.) animals affected?

A

sheep horse cattle humans others…

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12
Q

Liver fluke (Fasciola spp.) distribution & habitat?

A

rural temperate & tropical regions every continent! 2.4 million peeps affected (many more at risk)

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13
Q

Liver fluke (Fasciola spp.) human infections in Aus?

A

very few infections

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14
Q

Liver fluke causing highest economic losses?

A

F. gigantica ~ 3200 million/year! (Asia & Africa hit hardest)

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15
Q

Liver fluke (Fasciola spp.) most important hosts?

A

cattle, sheep, buffalo

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16
Q

Liver fluke (Fasciola spp.) lifecycle know well…

Study These Flashcards
A

slide 20… draw!

17
Q

Liver fluke (Fasciola spp.) epideiology in Aus…

Study These Flashcards
A

depends on snail habitats

Coastal & tablelands NSW, All of Vic, Eastern Tassie

Absent in tropics (NT, Nth QLD, Western Aus)

18
Q

Liver fluke (Fasciola spp.) disease?

Study These Flashcards
A

Fascioliasis

Acute - blood loss, inflam., abdo. pain, death, black disease

Chronic - Bile duct damage, anaemia, weight loss, bottle jaw, progressive weakness

19
Q

Liver fluke (Fasciola spp.) diagnosis…

Study These Flashcards
A

Faecal sample (look for eggs)

Faecal Ag test-ELISA for fasciola antigen in faeces

20
Q

Liver fluke (Fasciola spp.) prevention & control…

Study These Flashcards
A

Resistant

Undercooked watercress

Snails

21
Q

Stomach fluke (Paramphistomes) animals at risk…

Study These Flashcards
A

Ruminants, cattle, sheep

22
Q

Stomach fluke (Paramphistomes) special morphological feature…

Study These Flashcards
A

mouth (stoma) on both sides (amphi)

23
Q

Stomach fluke (Paramphistomes) lifecycle…

Study These Flashcards
A

same as Fasciola spp. but no human host. slide 27…

24
Q

Stomach fluke (Paramphistomes) distribution…

Study These Flashcards
A

Griffith, NSW

25
Stomach fluke (Paramphistomes) clinical signs (moderate infection immature fluke)
reduced weight gains reduced milk production ill-thrift
26
Stomach fluke (Paramphistomes)​ clinical signs (heavy infection immature fluke)
decreased appetite listlesness weight loss foul-smelling diarrhoea -\> dehydration -\> death
27
Stomach fluke (Paramphistomes)​ clinical signs (immature fluke in intestine)
Acute inflammation of the intestine Death in sever infections
28
Stomach fluke (Paramphistomes)​ diagnosis...
post mortem history of outbreak clinical signs response to drenching examination with magnifying glass -\> confirm diagnosis
29
Stomach fluke (Paramphistomes)​ why aren't presence of eggs in manure good diagnostic indicator?
As they only indicate presence of adult fluke and no diagnostic value for an outbreak of the acute disease.
30
Stomach fluke (Paramphistomes)​​ control...
Draining affected areas. Fencing off affected areas. Providing alternative water sources. Treating stock with drenches effective against stomach flukes
31
Schistosoma spp. in humans...
S. mansoni S. hematobium S. japonicum
32
Schistosoma spp. geographical distribution...
S. mansoni - Africa & Eastern South America S. hematobium - Africa S. japonicum - Far Eastern Asia (near Japan)
33
Schistosoma spp. lifecycle... draw!
34
Schistosoma spp. symptoms...
Skin - dermatitis GI - abdo. pain, diarrhoea, bloody stool -\> swollen abdo. Urogenital - cystitis & urethritis
35
Schistosoma spp. diagnosis...
History symptoms histology eggs in urine or stool
36
Schistosoma spp. treatment...
Praziquantel avoid swimming in snail-infested water sanitary sewage disposal eliminate snails

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