PM- V/S

Question 1

These are the signs of life

Answer 1

vital signs also known as cardinal signs

Question 2

what are involved in vital signs

Answer 2

temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure

Question 3

balance between heat produced or acquired by the body and the amount of heat lost

Answer 3

TEMPERATURE

Question 4

what are the routes for taking body temperature

Answer 4

oral, axillary, tympanic, rectal

Question 5

what is the normal human being temp

Answer 5

normal temp 36-37.5

Question 6

what is the term used for normal temp

Answer 6

normothermic

Question 7

where to place thermo for oral temp taking

Answer 7

sublingual pocket- under the tongue (core temperature) 5-10 mins

Question 8

contraindications for oral temperature

Answer 8

infants and children,
unconscious or mentally confused
combative. restless
persistent coughing
mouth breathing patients
seizure precautions
post surgery patient (mouth and jaw)

Question 9

least accurate way of taking temperature but most preferred by patient and nurses

Answer 9

axilliary temp

Question 10

contraindications of axillary temp

Answer 10

arm/axillary disorders
after bathing

Question 11

why do babies are preferrably have rectal temp taking

Answer 11

to check for patency or anomalies.

Question 12

how many inches to insert on an adult rectal temp

Answer 12

0.5-1.5 inches max time of 10 mins

Question 13

contraindications of rectal temp

Answer 13

small children
diarrhea or constipation
rectal surgery or rectal diseases
vagus nerve stimulation

Question 14

contraindication for tympanic temp taking

Answer 14

ear canal misshapen
ear wax buildup
otitis media
recent ear surgery

Question 15

inflammation of the middle ear

Answer 15

otitis media- usually indicated by pus

Question 16

why was mercury used as temp taking

Answer 16

mercury is known to be sensitive to heat and when exposed to heat would expand

Question 17

when is temperature at its lowest

Answer 17

early morning- 4am-6am

Question 18

what part of the brain controls body temp

Answer 18

hypothalamus

Question 19

T OR F: children and babies have higher temperature than adults

Answer 19

TRUE

Question 20

patient with elevated boy temp

Answer 20

febrile

Question 21

fever is also known as

Answer 21

pyrexia

Question 22

below normal temp

Answer 22

hypothermia

Question 23

stages of fever

Answer 23

invasion or onset
fastigium or stadium
difervescence or termination

Question 24

highest temp stage/highest point

Answer 24

fastigium/stadium

Question 25

stage where temp decreases

Answer 25

difervescence or termination

Question 26

gradual increase of temp

Answer 26

invasion/temp

Question 27

measurement of the heart rate or number of times the heart beats per minute

Answer 27

pulse- heart regulates pulsse rate

Question 28

rationale why children and babies have higher pulse rate compared to adults

Answer 28

immaturity of the cardiovascular system.

Question 29

common pulse site

Answer 29

temporal
carotid
brachial
femoral
popliteal
dorsalis

Question 30

most palpable site for babies for pulse taking

Answer 30

brachial (radial for adults)

Question 31

what pulse site mostly used for emergency situations

Answer 31

carotid

Question 32

factors affecting pulse

Answer 32

age
sex
emotions
exercise
systemic or local heat

Question 33

why do men or boys have lower pulse rates (give the rationale)

Answer 33

size of the heart, hormones are much more in females.

Question 34

what are the parameters for pulse checking

Answer 34

rate (bpm), rhythm(intervals/pauses between heartbeats-should be regular and constant), volume(force, amount of blood pushed through the artery)

Question 35

pulse rate below 60

Answer 35

bradycardia

Question 36

elevated pulse rate

Answer 36

tachycardia

Question 37

what kind of pulse can be felt with patients who have tachycardia

Answer 37

BOUNDING PULSES

Question 38

hardly palpable pulses are called

Answer 38

THREADY

Question 39

what is pulse deficit

Answer 39

difference between two counts, difference between apical and radial

impeded circulation

deficit of 40 bpm can be an indication of a cardiov problem. (apical- 40 bracial0 60 theres a problem)

Question 40

supplies body with oxygen for metabolic activity and to remove carbon dioxide

Answer 40

respiration

Question 41

respiration is what

Answer 41

inspiration and

Question 42

respiratory centers of the brain are?

Answer 42

pons and medulla oblongata

Question 43

factors affecting respiration

Answer 43

age
body size
stature
activity
body position

Question 44

Parameters of Respiration checking

Answer 44

rate, depth, rhythm, character

Question 45

difficulty of breathing in positions other than siting

Answer 45

orthopnea

Question 46

gasping and labored breathing, renal failure

Answer 46

kussmaul’s respiration

Question 47

lung inflation nd use of accessory

Answer 47

paradoxical respiration

Question 48

abno respi sounds

Answer 48

wheezing (asthmatic, anaphylactic shock(allergies)-whistling narrow bronchi
stridor-harsh high pitched crowing common in patient who ingested foreign objects
rales- rattling, bubbling, crackling increase of secretions
rhonchi- bubbling, like secretions. other than phlegm and mucus. easily expelled thru coughing
stertorous- snoring sound increased secretions (ventilated patients) increased secretions in the lungs
sigh- deep inspiration, related to cardiovascular or anxiety

Question 49

refers to the force the blood exerted against a vessel wall

Answer 49

blood pressure, systole and diastole

Question 50

vasomotor center/ center for blood pressure

Answer 50

lower pons and medulla oblongata

Question 51

factors affecting blood pressure

Answer 51

blood volume
elasticity of arteries
cardia output
age
activity
Valsalva maneuver (attempt to exhale forcefully)
arm position

Question 52

number one reason for decreased arterial elasticity

Answer 52

nicotine

Question 53

what is pulse pressure

Answer 53

difference between systolic and diastolic.