PMHD

Question 1

By what age has object constancy usually been completed?
a) 8 months
b) 1 year
c) 18 months
d) 2 years
e) 3 years

Answer 1

d) 2 years

Question 2

Which of the following best describe generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
a) Feeling anxious most of the time and this interferes with normal life
b) Constant anxiety about specific factor/s about which they give undue attention
c) Anxiety about a factor leading to the repeated performance of tasks to alleviate the anxiety
d) Feelings of anxiety about body image that disrupt normal life
e) Anxiety about abandonment and self-image that interfere with normal life

Answer 2

a) Feeling anxious most of the time and this interferes with normal life

Question 3

Which of the following abilities best describes abstract thought that is usually developed by children in their teens?
a) Make deductions from pieces of information
b) Imagine new ideas
c) Develop ideas about own identity
d) Use concepts and makes and understands generalisations
e) Draw conclusions from various opinions of others

Answer 3

d) Use concepts and makes and understands generalisations

Question 4

What is the most common mental health disorder in the Australian and world populations?
a) Anxiety disorder
b) Autism spectrum disorder
c) Personality disorder
d) Depression
e) Psychosis

Answer 4

a) Anxiety disorder

Question 5

In which of Piaget s stage of cognitive development do children tend to lose their irrational fear of abandonment?
a) Sensori-motor
b) Pre- operational
c) Concrete
d) Formal Operational
e) (a) and (b)

Answer 5

c) Concrete

Question 6

Which of the following is the virtue or quality that Erikson says develops in the 5 12 year old age group and is a basis for developing of self-esteem?
a) Will
b) Purpose
c) Competence
d) Fidelity
e) Love

Answer 6

c) Competence

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the term ontogenic?
a) Origin and development of an organism from embryo to adult
b) An agent that causes malformation of an embryo or a foetus
c) The period of embryonic nervous system development
d) Pattern of gene development
e) Factors that influence gene expression

Answer 7

a) Origin and development of an organism from embryo to adult

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the mental health label neurosis?
a) Organic disorder typified by impaired contact with reality and bizarre thoughts & behaviours
b) A psychiatric disorder involving symptoms of stress but not a radical loss of touch with
reality
c) A disorder typified by bizarre, inconsequential behaviour
d) Mental health disorders caused by severe depression
e) Mental health disorder associated with childhood deprivation

Answer 8

b) A psychiatric disorder involving symptoms of stress but not a radical loss of touch with
reality

Question 9

What is a major difference between Piaget s and Vygotsky s view of child development?
a) Piaget believed that development would not progress through the stages without the
influence of culture
b) Vygotsky argued social interaction was an important part of cognitive development
c) Vygotsky believed that development tended to be universal without the influence of culture
d) Piaget believed that language greatly influenced the cognitive stages children progress
through
e) Piaget did not recognise stages of cognitive development

Answer 9

b) Vygotsky argued social interaction was an important part of cognitive development

Question 10

Evidence suggests that which of the following is the main cause of schizophrenia?
a) Attachment disorder
b) Conduct disorder
c) Identity crisis
d) Neuro-biological disturbance
e) Social dysphoria

Answer 10

d) Neuro-biological disturbance

Question 11

This childhood disorder is a lifelong developmental disability characterised by impairments in social communication and interactions, as well as restricted or repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests or activities.
a) Attachment disorder
b) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
c) Autism spectrum disorder
d) Developmental delay
e) Foetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 11

c) Autism spectrum disorder

Question 12

What is the name of the condition characterized by intrusive thoughts causing uneasiness, apprehension, fear or worry and repetitive behaviours aimed at reducing these?
a) Anxiety
b) Generalised anxiety disorder
c) Obsessive compulsive disorder
d) Schizophrenia
e) Social dysphoria

Answer 12

c) Obsessive compulsive disorder

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the mental health label psychosis?
a) Caused by stressful and damaging encounters
b) A psychiatric disorder involving symptoms of stress but not a radical loss of touch with
reality
c) Disorder typified by impaired contact with reality and bizarre thoughts & behaviours
d) Disorders caused by severe depression
e) Disorder associated with childhood deprivation

Answer 13

c) Disorder typified by impaired contact with reality and bizarre thoughts & behaviours

Question 14

Which of the following best describes mental health patterns of Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders compared to other Australians?
a) Less anxiety & depression; Less neuroses; More psychoses; Less personality disorder
b) Less anxiety & depression; More neuroses; More psychoses; More personality disorder
c) Less anxiety & depression; More neuroses; Less psychoses; Less personality disorder
d) More anxiety & depression; Less neuroses; More psychoses; Less personality disorder
e) More anxiety & depression; More neuroses; More psychoses; More personality disorder

Answer 14

e) More anxiety & depression; More neuroses; More psychoses; More personality disorder

Question 15

Mary Ainsworth observed infants in strange situations in order to do what?
a) Study the effect of earlier attachment on dealing with strange situations
b) Observe how well infants attach to their mother when interacting with strangers
c) Describe mother-child interactions when exposed to a strange situation
d) Describe the different styles of attachment infants have with their mother
e) Describe maternal behaviour when children are interacting with strangers

Answer 15

d) Describe the different styles of attachment infants have with their mother

Question 16

Which of the following researchers studied child attachment styles when they experienced a strange situation?
a) Adler
b) Ainsworth
c) Bowlby
d) Freud
e) Marcia

Answer 16

b) Ainsworth

Question 17

Which of the following is a feature of Piaget’s sensori-motor stage of cognitive development?
a) Interacts only with world they can see in front of them
b) Recognises perspectives of others
c) Begin to have feelings of failure
d) Develops deductive reasoning
e) Explores own identity and self-image

Answer 17

a) Interacts only with world they can see in front of them

Question 18

Which of the following are regarded as having most influence on temperament?
a) Parenting style
b) Culture
c) Environment
d) Premature
e) Biology

Answer 18

e) Biology

Question 19

A child with growth and learning problems and the distinctive facial features shown in the diagram should be first investigated for which mental health condition?
a) Attachment disorder
b) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
c) Autism spectrum disorder
d) Foetal alcohol syndrome
e) Failure to thrive

Answer 19

d) Foetal alcohol syndrome

Question 20

At which of Piaget s stages do children tend to develop a fear of being judged?
a) Sensori-motor
b) Pre-operational
c) Concrete
d) Identity role confusion
e) Formal Operational

Answer 20

e) Formal Operational

Question 21

Which of the following best describes Attachment Theory?
a) Infants with a highly dependent emotional relationship with their mother have stunted
emotional development
b) Early emotional attachments have a long term effect on later emotional behaviour
c) The mother has the greatest effect on child development
d) Poor early emotional attachments determines later relationship failure
e) Infants who are less interested in physical attachment are less successful adults

Answer 21

b) Early emotional attachments have a long term effect on later emotional behaviour

Question 22

Erikson s theory has been placed above many others because it highlights the critical issue of adolescent turmoil identity development and identity confusion. Which of Erikson s stages does this occur in?
a) Autonomy vs. shame
b) Initiative vs. guilt
c) Industry vs. inferiority
d) Ego identity vs. role confusion
e) Intimacy vs. isolation

Answer 22

d) Ego identity vs. role confusion

Question 23

Children with which of Ainsworth s attachment styles are most likely to explore and play freely?
a) Secure
b) Insecure avoidant
c) Insecure ambivalent
d) Full attachment
e) Disorganised attachment

Answer 23

a) Secure

Question 24

Which of the following are the three main attachment styles identified by Ainsworth in her Strange Situation research?
a) Secure, insecure; insecure ambivalent
b) Secure, insecure avoidant; insecure ambivalent
c) Secure attached; insecure attached; insecure unattached
d) Attached; unattached; avoidant
e) Secure; insecure- ambivalent; disorganised

Answer 24

b) Secure, insecure avoidant; insecure ambivalent

Question 25

What term best describes a disorder in which a patient complains of particular physical symptoms for which there is no evidence or explanation. a) Delusion b) Hypochondriasis c) Obsession d) Personality disorder e) Somatoform

Answer 25

e) Somatoform

Question 26

A student has a long-standing history of telling stories that exaggerate her abilities and successes while at the same time denigrating others in ways that show a complete lack of empathy for them. What mental health term best describes this condition? Pi-polar disorder Mania Narcissistic Personality disorder Obsessionality Phobia

Answer 26

Narcissistic Personality disorder

Question 27

This type of therapy helps people to change unhelpful and unhealthy thinking habits, feelings and behaviours. It involves short term, practical, self-help strategies that are designed to bring about positive and immediate changes in a person s life. What is the best name for this commonly used mental health strategy? Cognitive behaviour therapy Dialectical behavioural therapy Interpersonal therapy Psychological therapy Supportive therapy

Answer 27

Cognitive behaviour therapy

Question 28

This form of therapy focusses on unconscious processes that are manifested in a person s present behaviour. The goal of this therapy is to build a patient s self-awareness of the influence of the past on one’s present feelings and behaviour. What is the term for this type of therapy? Cognitive behaviour therapy Dialectical behavioural therapy Interpersonal therapy Psycho-dynamic therapy Supportive therapy

Answer 28

Psycho-dynamic therapy

Question 29

Which of the following is the best description of a therapeutic alliance? A mutually positive relationship between a mental health clinician and a patient A collaborative relationship between different types of mental health workers Mental health practice that adopts various therapies to treat patients Treatment of a mental health condition when patient and doctor accept the doctor s management plan

Answer 29

A mutually positive relationship between a mental health clinician and a patient

Question 30

What did Erikson say were characteristic of normal early adult? Industry versus inferiority Identity versus role confusion Intimacy versus isolation Generativity versus stagnation Ego integrity versus despair

Answer 30

Intimacy versus isolation

Question 31

Approximately what percentage of Australians experience depression at some time during their life? 5% 12% 19% 25% 45%

Answer 31

12%

Question 32

What best describes the term boundary violation? An attack on the trust and security of a relationship between doctor and patient. The breakdown of barriers between a doctor and patient The breakdown of a therapeutic alliance due to action by a doctor Action by a patient to become intimate with a doctor Manipulation by a doctor of a vulnerable patient

Answer 32

An attack on the trust and security of a relationship between doctor and patient.

Question 33

Which of the following is the best definition of the term aetiology? Cause Collection of symptoms Signs Symptoms Treatment

Answer 33

Cause

Question 34

Which of the following should be looked for when assessing a person’s level of consciousness in a Mental State Examination (MSE)? Cognition Insight and judgement Perception Speech Thought content

Answer 34

Cognition

Question 35

A 28 year old woman is admitted to hospital. She is overactive, has pressure of speech (talks fast and constantly) and has a history of cycles involving mania alternating with very low mood. She has also had episodes of clinical depression. Which of the following is the best name for this condition? Depression Bi-polar disorder Mania Obsessive compulsive Schizophrenia

Answer 35

Bi-polar disorder

Question 36

A discrete period of intense discomfort or fear I which specific symptoms such as trembling, a choking sensation and shortness of breath, develop suddenly and reach a peak within 10 minutes. What condition is this most likely to be? Bo-polar disorder Mania Panic disorder Borderline personality disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder

Answer 36

Panic disorder

Question 37

Which of the following best describe the mental term personality? The pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviours that is unique to an individual A person who is famous because of their exposure in mass media The particular way a person behave when dealing with others The hidden qualities that govern the way people think and behave The inherent qualities governed by genetics that control the behaviour and thoughts of individuals

Answer 37

The pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviours that is unique to an individual

Question 38

Sigmund Freud described the phenomena in which there was a re-direction of feelings and desires, especially those unconsciously retained from childhood, towards a new person. What term best describes these phenomena? Counter-transference Mania Narcissistic personality disorder Obsessive disorder Transference

Answer 38

Transference

Question 39

What is the name of the examination that is a structured assessment of the patient's behaviuoral and cognitive functioning. A Neuro-biological examination A Mental State Examination A Mini-mental State Examination A Psychological State examination A Psychiatric State Examination

Answer 39

A Mental State Examination

Question 40

The part of the personality representing the conscience, formed in early life by internalisation of the beliefs and behaviours of parents and other role models. What aspect of personality does this describe? Affect Ego Id Super-ego Trait

Answer 40

Super-ego

Question 41

This mental health condition is one in which a person has a long-term pattern of manipulating, exploiting, or violating the rights of others. This behaviour is often criminal. What is the most likely problem this person has? (Anti-social) personality disorder Bipolar disorder Mania Phobia Schizophrenia

Answer 41

(Anti-social) personality disorder

Question 42

What does the term nosology mean? Part of nose and throat science Classification of diseases Classification of treatment modalities Study of placebo effects Study of nocebo effects

Answer 42

Classification of diseases

Question 43

A persistent and irrational fear of a specific thing or situation, despite awareness and re- assurance it is not dangerous. What is the best term for this condition? Mania Obsession Paranoia Phobia Borderline personality disorder

Answer 43

Phobia