PMP General

Question 1

360-degree appraisal

Answer 1

A performance review completed by a person’s peers, mangers, and subordinates. It’s called a 360- degree appraisal as it’s a circle of reviews by people at different levels of an organization

Question 2

Acceptabce

Answer 2

Response to risk event, generally made when the probability of the event and/or impact are small. It is used when mitigation, transference, or avoidance are not selected.

Question 3

Active listening

Answer 3

This occurs when the receiver confirms the message is being received by feedback, questions, prompts for clarity, and other signs of having received the message.

Question 4

Activity Attributes

Answer 4

Activities that special conditions, requirements, risks, and other conditions should be documented.

Question 5

Activity cost estimates

Answer 5

the cost of resources including materials, services, and when warranted, labor should be estimated

Question 6

Activity List

Answer 6

Listing of all the project activities required to complete each project phase or the entire project. This list is an input to the project network diagram

Question 7

Activity on node

Answer 7

Network diagramming approach that places the activities on a node in the project network diagram

Question 8

Activity sequencing

Answer 8

process of mapping the project activities in the order in which the work should be completed

Question 9

Actual costs

Answer 9

amount of funds the project has spent to date. The difference between actual costs and the earned value will reveal the cost variance.

Question 10

Adjourning

Answer 10

final stage of team development; once the project is done, the team moves onto other assignments either as a unit of the project team is disbanded and individual team members go onto other work

Question 11

Affinity diagram

Answer 11

clusters like ideas together and allows for decomposition of ideas to compare and contrast project requirements

Question 12

Analogous estimating

Answer 12

relies on historical information to predict estimated for current projects. Analogous estimating is a.k.a top-down estimating and is a form of expert judgement

Question 13

Application areas

Answer 13

areas of discipline that a project may center upon. Consider technology, law, sales, marketing, and construction among many others

Question 14

Assumption log

Answer 14

a document that clearly identifies and tracks assumptions that are made in the project. All assumptions need to be tested for their validity and the outcome of the test should be recorded.

Question 15

Autocratic

Answer 15

the project manager makes all of the decisions

Question 16

Avoidance

Answer 16

one response to a risk event. The risk is avoided by planning a different technique to remove the risk from the project

Question 17

Benchmarking

Answer 17

a process of using prior projects within or external to the performing organization to compare and set quality standards for processes and results

Question 18

Benefit measurement methods

Answer 18

project selection methods that compare the benefits of projects to determine which project the organization should select for investment

Question 19

Benefit/cost analysis

Answer 19

process of determining the pros and cons of any project, process, product, or activity

Question 20

Benefit/cost ratios

Answer 20

shows the proportion of benefits to costs; for example 4:1 would equate to four benefits and just one cost

Question 21

Bid

Answer 21

document from the seller to the buyer. Used when price is the determining factor in the decision-making process

Question 22

Bidder Conferences

Answer 22

A meeting with prospective sellers to ensure all sellers have a clear understanding of the product or service to be procured. Bidder conferences allow sellers to query the buyer on the details of the product to help ensure that the proposal the seller creates is adequate and appropriate for the proposed agreement

Question 23

Bottom-up estimating

Answer 23

a technique where an estimate for each component in the WBS is developed and then totaled for an overall project budget. This is the longest method to complete, but it provides the most accurate estimate.

Question 24

Brainstorming

Answer 24

The most common approach to risk identification; it is performed by a project team to identify the risks within the project. A multidisciplinary team, hosted by a project facilitator, can also perform brainstorming

Question 25

Budget at completion

Answer 25

the predicted budget for the project; what the project should cost when it is completed. Budget at completion represents 100 percent of the planned value for the project's completion

Question 26

Cause-and-effect diagrams

Answer 26

Used for root cause analysis of what factors are creating the risks within the project. The goal is to identify and treat the root of the problem, not the symptom

Question 27

Centralized contracting

Answer 27

all contracts for all projects need to be approved through a central contracting unit within the performing organization

Question 28

Change control board

Answer 28

a group of decision makers that review proposed project changes

Question 29

Change control system

Answer 29

a predefined set of activities, forms, and procedures to entertain project change requests

Question 30

Change log

Answer 30

As changes to the project time, cost, or scope enter the project they should be recorded in the change log for future reference

Question 31

Change management plan

Answer 31

When changes are approved for a project, including time, cost, scope, or contract, then there needs to be a plan on how the project tea will manage these new changes within the project.

Question 32

Chart of accounts

Answer 32

a coding system used by the performing organization's accounting system to account for the project work

Question 33

Checklists

Answer 33

a listing of activities that workers check to ensure the work has been completed consistently; used in quality control