PMTP (LEC) UNIT 3

Question 1

Function of the Immune System

Answer 1

Identify self from nonself and remove nonself

Question 2

Composed of the lymph nodes, lymph vessels, lymph fluids

Answer 2

Lymphatic System

Question 3

Composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood

Answer 3

Cardiovascular System

Question 4

Responsible for transporting oxygenated blood throughout the lungs and heart via the artery and oxygen depleted blood is returned to its origin through the veins

Answer 4

Circulatory System

Question 5

Delivers oxygen, Helps in coaggulation process, regulation of body temperature, and assist in fighting diseases

Answer 5

Circulatory System

Question 6

Entrance Valve

Answer 6

Tricuspid & Mitral

Question 7

Exit Valve

Answer 7

Aortic & Pulmonary

Question 8

Tricuspid Valve

Answer 8

Right atrioventricular valve

Question 9

Mitral Valve

Answer 9

Bicuspid Valve, Left atrioventricular valve

Question 10

Pulmonary Valve

Answer 10

Right semilunar valve

Question 11

Aortic Valve

Answer 11

Left Semilunar Valve

Question 12

Thin, watery membrane on the outer layer of the heart

Answer 12

Epicardium

Question 13

covers the heart and is attached to the
pericardium

Answer 13

Epicardium

Question 14

Thick layer of cardiac muscles in the middle layer of the
heart

Answer 14

Myocardium

Question 15

Function: pumps blood into the arteries by contracting

Answer 15

Myocardium

Question 16

Thin layer of epithelial cells in the inner layer of the heart

Answer 16

Endocardium

Question 17

Function: lines the valves and interior chambers

Answer 17

Endocardium

Question 18

Partition that separates the right from the left atria

Answer 18

Interatrial Septum

Question 19

Separates the right and left ventricles

Answer 19

Interventricular Septum

Question 20

Lasts about 0.8 seconds

Answer 20

Cardiac Cycle

Question 21

This refers to the contraction
phase

Answer 21

Systole

Question 22

refers to relaxation phase

Answer 22

Diastole

Question 23

the cardiac muscle that
occurs in one heartbeat

Answer 23

Cardiac Cycle

Question 24

Sends electric impulses
throughout the myocardium
which is initiated by the
sinoatrial node

Answer 24

Electrical Conduction System

Question 25

Other term for Sinoatrial Node

Answer 25

pacemaker

Question 26

the first sound as the ventricles contract or the AV valves close

Answer 26

Lubb

Question 27

the second sound which is heard when the semilunar valves close and the ventricles relax.

Answer 27

Dupp

Question 28

Average Heart Rate

Answer 28

72 beats per minute

Question 29

refers to the volume of blood pumped per minute

Answer 29

cardiac output

Question 30

Moves the blood between the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.

Answer 30

Pulmonary Circulation

Question 31

During the process, oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is released, after which, the oxygenated blood flows back to the left atrium of the heart

Answer 31

Pulmonary Circulation

Question 32

Moves the oxygenated blood and nutrients from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.

Answer 32

Systemic Circulation

Question 33

Deoxygenated blood with carbon dioxide and wastes flows back to the right atrium.

Answer 33

Systemic Circulation

Question 34

Thick-walled blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body

Answer 34

Arteries

Question 35

Small-diameter blood vessels that branch out from the arteries and lead to the capillaries

Answer 35

Arterioles

Question 36

Tubes with thin walls that carry deoxygenated blood from tissues to the heart.

Answer 36

Veins

Question 37

Very small veins that collect blood from capillaries

Answer 37

Venules

Question 38

Fine hair-like blood vessels that connect arterioles and vein

Answer 38

Capillaries

Question 39

also called the elbow pit

Answer 39

Antecubital fossa

Question 40

the triangular area on the anterior of the elbow, which is a site of major veins.

Answer 40

Antecubital fossa

Question 41

first choice for routine venipuncture

Answer 41

Antecubital fossa

Question 42

refer to a vein arrangement that occurs in about 70% of the population.

Answer 42

H-shaped antecubital veins

Question 43

the preferred venipuncture site. It is the easiest to access and least painful for the patient.

Answer 43

Median Cubital Vein

Question 44

the second choice for venipuncture. It is harder to palpate but is usually better when drawing blood from an obese patient.

Answer 44

Cephalic vein

Question 45

last choice-vein for venipuncture as it is not well anchored and punctures on this vein are more painful.

Answer 45

Basilic Vein

Question 46

refer to a vein arrangement that occurs in about 70% of the population.

Answer 46

H-shaped antecubital veins

Question 47

the intermediate antebrachial veins, which include the median, median cephalic, and median basilic veins.

Answer 47

M-shaped

Question 48

the intermediate antebrachial veins, which include the median, median cephalic, and median basilic veins.

Answer 48

M-shaped

Question 49

intermediate antebrachial vein; firstchoice vein; safest and less painful

Answer 49

Median vein

Question 50

intermediate cephalic vein; second choice for venipuncture; less likely to roll

Answer 50

Median cephalic vein

Question 51

intermediate basilic vein; last choice vein because it is more painful

Answer 51

Median basilic vein

Question 52

the fluid part of the blood that is left after clotting because it does not have fibrinogen. This can be separated by centrifugation.

Answer 52

Serum

Question 53

refers to the fluid portion that is separated by centrifugation from the red blood cells, white blood. cells, and platelets. It has fibrinogen and could be collected using an anticoagulant tube. It is also collected in cases where serum could nor be used

Answer 53

Plasma

Question 54

gas exchange: oxygen and carbon

Answer 54

Red cells

Question 55

Granulocytes

Answer 55

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Question 56

Mononuclears

Answer 56

Lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 57

Platelets

Answer 57

hemostasis

Question 58

the stoppage of bleeding as a response to an injury whether it be normal vasoconstriction where the vessel walls close temporarily, abnormal obstruction like plaque, or coagulation such as litigation.

Answer 58

Hemostasis

Question 59

the vessel walls are constricted after an injury, which results in reduced flow of blood in the site of injury

Answer 59

Vaoconstuction

Question 60

the process in which the blood changes, from a liquid state into a gel that forms the blood dot.

Answer 60

Coagulation/Clotting

Question 61

an enzyme that plays an important role in coagulation

Answer 61

Thrombin

Question 62

the process in which the fibrin is dissolved. It has two main activities:

Answer 62

Fibrinolysis