Pneumopedi

Question 1

Crup: etiologie 6

Answer 1

parainfluenza tip 1 si 2, mai rar 3
VRS
virus gripal
adenovirus
rubeola
Mycoplasma pneumonie

Question 2

La ce varsta apare cel mai frecvent crupul?

Answer 2

3 luni - 5 ani

Question 3

2 elemente clinice distinstive in crup

Answer 3

tuse latratoare
stridor inspirator

Question 4

Inspectia faringiana in crup

Answer 4

eritem discret

Question 5

Radiografia toracelui/gatului in crup

Answer 5

ingustarea cailor aeriene subglotice
“semnul turlei”

Question 6

Care este tratamentul de baza in crup? 4

Answer 6

Suportiv:
hidratare, umidifiere aer, repaus, analgezie

Question 7

cum se trateaza cazurile usoara de crup?

Answer 7

steroizi orali, iv, im

Question 8

Cum se examineaza gatul pacientilor suspecti de epiglotita?

Answer 8

numai cu intubatie prompa posibila!

Question 8

cum se trateaza crupul sever (stridor de repaus)?

Answer 8

epinefrina in aerosoli plus corticosteroizi;
internare pentru monitorizare

Question 9

Epiglotita: etiologie

Answer 9

in trecut Haemophilus influenzae tip b
azi: streptococ
alte tipuri de H. influenzae

Question 10

Manifestari clinice in epiglotita 4

Answer 10

disfagie
hipersalivatie
voce infundata
inclinare in fata cu mainile pe genunchi pt a respira mai bine

Question 11

Din ce cauza a scazut incidenta epiglotitei?

Answer 11

vaccinului Hib

Question 12

Cand se poate face cultura din exsudatul epiglotic?

Answer 12

cand pacientul este intubat

Question 13

Epiglotita: radiografia gatului

Answer 13

semnul valeculei / degetului mare

Question 14

Epiglotita: tratament medicamentos

Answer 14

ceftriaxona 7-10 zile

Question 15

Epiglotita: tratament

Answer 15

obstructie nu usoara intubatie
traheostomie

Question 16

Risc crescut de a dezvolta astm in ce patologii?

Answer 16

bronsiolita
SDRA la NN
sdr de aspiratie de meconiu

Question 17

Bronsiolita: etiologie

Answer 17

Virusul sincitial respirator
virus parainfluenza tip 3 mai rar

Question 18

Bronsiolita: complicatii 2

Answer 18

insuficienta respiratorie
risc de astm

Question 19

Bronsiolita: radiografia toracica 3

Answer 19

nu e necesara
infiltrate parcelare
hiperinflatie

Question 20

Ce nu este recomandat in tratamentul bronsiolitei?

Answer 20

agonisti beta-2 inhalatori
corticosteroizii

Question 21

Pertusis: etiologie

Answer 21

Bordetella pertussis

Question 22

Pertusis: prima faza

Answer 22

catarala cu simptome nespecifice

Question 23

Pertusis: faza 2

Answer 23

episoade paroxistice de tuse

Question 24

Pertusis: faza 3

Answer 24

convalescenta: scaderea graduala a tusei

Question 25

Cat dureaza pertusisul?

Answer 25

pana in 3 luni, prima si ultima faza ca 2 saptamani

Question 26

Cum se poate manifesta pertusisul la sugar?

Answer 26

doar cu apnee

Question 27

Pertusis: complicatii 2

Answer 27

pneumonie apnee la sugari

Question 28

Pertusis: hemoleucograma

Answer 28

leucocitoza cu limfocitoza

Question 29

Pertusis: tratament

Answer 29

suportiv macrolide (eritromicina) preocce si ca profilaxie

Question 30

Care este cauza SDRA la NN?

Answer 30

deficienta de surfactant

Question 31

la cine apare SDRA la NN?

Answer 31

prematuri intre 24 si 37 saptamani in special sub 30 saptamani

Question 32

Cand se manifesta SDRA la NN?

Answer 32

in primele 2 zile de la nastere

Question 33

SDRA la NN: gaze sanguine

Answer 33

hipoxemie cu hipercapnie

Question 34

Cand tratezi SDRA la NN intrauterin?

Answer 34

< 34 s mereu intre 34-37 s dupa raport lecitina/sfingomielina >37 sapt nu e necesar

Question 35

SDRA la NN: radiografia toracica

Answer 35

atelectazie bilaterala sticla mata scaderea volumelor pulmonare

Question 36

Cand se administreaza corticosteroizi mamei in SDRA la NN?

Answer 36

lecitina/sfingomielina < 2 fosfatidilglicerolul absent din lichidul amniotic cu 24 de ore inainte de nastere

Question 37

cand intubezi un NN in SDRA?

Answer 37

necesita mult O2 pt a mentine saturatia

Question 38

SDRA la NN: temelia tratamentului

Answer 38

monitorizare O2 substituire surfactant

Question 39

SDRA la NN: Complicatii 3

Answer 39

pneumotorax/pneumomediastin displazie bronhopulmonara risc de astm

Question 40

SAM: manifestare clinica

Answer 40

lichid amniotic de culoare meconiala

Question 41

Ce investigatie paralcinica trebuie facuta in SAM?

Answer 41

hemocultura pt excludere sepsis

Question 42

SAM: radiografia toracica

Answer 42

atelectazie zone de hiperinflatie penumotorax

Question 43

Cand se intubeaza sugarii in SAM?

Answer 43

nu se mai recomanda

Question 44

Antibioterapie in SAM

Answer 44

in cazul unei pneumonii

Question 45

SAM: complicatii 2

Answer 45

HTP astm

Question 46

Car este cea mai frecventa patologie autosomal recesiva in SUA?

Answer 46

Fibroza chistica

Question 47

Ce este afectat in fibroza chistica

Answer 47

canalul pompei de clor al glandelor exocrine

Question 48

Durata de viata cu tratament in fibroza chstica?

Answer 48

30-40 de ani

Question 49

Fibroza chstica: manifestari pulmonare

Answer 49

infectii recurente sinuzita cronica dispnee cianoza hemoptizie tuse degete hipocratice

Question 50

Fibroza chistica: manifestari gastrointestinale

Answer 50

malabsorbtie, deficit de crestere steatoree varice esofagiene ileus meconial la nastere prolaps rectal

Question 51

Etiologia infectiilor recurente din fibroza chistica

Answer 51

p. aeruginosa s. aureus

Question 52

Fibroza chistica: teste de laborator

Answer 52

hiponatremie cresterea NaCl in testul sudorii (>60 la copii si >80 la adulti)

Question 53

Cand se face testarea genetica in fibroza chstica?

Answer 53

cazuri suspecte purtatoare care vor sarcina

Question 54

Firboza chistica: tratament

Answer 54

DNaza fizioterapie bronhodilatatoare AINS antibiotice enzime pancreatice si ADEK