PNS, BP and nerves of UL

Question 1

The divisions of the nervous system are ?

Answer 1

CNS and PNS

Question 2

what makes up the CNS

Answer 2

Brain and spinal cord

Question 3

what makes up the PNS

Answer 3

Cranial nerves; spinal nerves; peripheral nerves

Question 4

what two systems make up the peripheral nervous system

Answer 4

Somatic Nervous system (Sensory and motor neurons) and the Autonomic nervous system (Sympathetic and parasympathetic)

Question 5

generally speaking the soma or body wall consists of derivatives of the?

Answer 5

mesoderm

Question 6

generally speaking the viscera or organs consists of derivatives of the?

Answer 6

endoderm

Question 7

generally speaking the Nervous System consists of derivatives of the?

Answer 7

ectoderm

Question 8

the neural tube develops into the?

Answer 8

Spinal cord

Question 9

what are the two special sensory visceral systems?

Answer 9

taste and smell

Question 10

what are the five major special senses

Answer 10

Taste; smell; hearing; equilibrium; vision

Question 11

why is there an enlargement at the C5 - T1 level?

Answer 11

there is a lot of grey matter due to large number of cell bodies that deal with the motor and sensory inputs from the upper limbs; also there is a lot of white matter that represents all the information from the lower part of the body

Question 12

as we go up the spinal cord the amount of white matter?

Answer 12

increases

Question 13

what are the vertebral foramen? What do they make up?

Answer 13

the vertebral foramen is the opening formed by the anterior segment and the posterior part of the vertebral arch; this creates the channel that the spinal cord sits in

Question 14

what are the three layers of the meninges?

Answer 14

Dura mater; arachnoid; pia mater

Question 15

in the spinal cord the gray mater is shaped like?

Answer 15

a H

Question 16

the dorsal root ganglion contains what type of neurons?

Answer 16

sensory

Question 17

what is a ganglion

Answer 17

a collection of neuronal cell bodies outside the CNS

Question 18

the anterior root contains what type of fibbers?

Answer 18

Motor

Question 19

whare are the cell bodies of peripheral motor neurons?

Answer 19

Gray mater of the spinal cord

Question 20

what are the two types of rami form a spinal nerve?

Answer 20

Posterior and anterior rami

Question 21

the brachial plexus consists of nerves from what levels?

Answer 21

C5 to T1

Question 22

how many cervical nerves are there? How many cervical Vertebra Why

Answer 22

8 cervical nerves but only 7 cervical vertebrae; because the convention on how to name the nerves flips at the c7 level to naming the nerve at the level below which it exits

Question 23

what are the components that make up the brachial plexus?

Answer 23

5 Roots; 3 trunks;6 divisions; 3 cords;

Question 24

what roots make up the superior trunk

Answer 24

C5 and C6

Question 25

what roots make up the middle trunk

Answer 25

C7

Question 26

what roots make up the inferior trunk

Answer 26

C8 and T1

Question 27

the lateral cord gives rise to what two major nerves of the lower limb?

Answer 27

Musculocutaneous and the median

Question 28

the posterior cord gives rise to what two major nerves of the lower limb?

Answer 28

axillary and radial

Question 29

the medial cord gives rise to what two major nerves of the lower limb?

Answer 29

ulnar and median

Question 30

what are the five major nerves of the upper limb? What are they Vertebra levels supply them?

Answer 30

Axillary (C5 and C6); Radial nerve (C5-T1 All levels); Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7); Median Nerve (C5-T1 all levels); Ulnar nerve (C7-T1)

Question 31

what muscles does the Axillary nerve supply?

Answer 31

Deltoid and teres minor

Question 32

what muscles does the radial nerve supply?

Answer 32

Posterior arm muscles and the posterolateral muscles of the forearm

Question 33

radial nerve paralysis major presenting issues is?

Answer 33

Wrist Drop

Question 34

What muscles does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?

Answer 34

supplies the anterior arm muscles that produce flexion at the elbow

Question 35

in the upper limb what nerve the anterior compartment muscles are supplied by what nerve? The posterior compartment muscles are supplied by what nerve? The lateral compartment muscles are supplied by what nerve

Answer 35

Anterior: Musculocutaneous; Posterior: Radial; Lateral: Axillary

Question 36

what muscles does the median nerve supply?

Answer 36

anteromedial muscles of the forearm and the muscles of the thenar eminence

Question 37

what structures go though the carpal tunnel?

Answer 37

four tendons from the flexor digitorum profundus; four tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis; and one tendon of the flexor pollicis longus; and the median nerve

Question 38

median nerve injury can be caused by trauma in what area?

Answer 38

cubital fossa or at the wrist (compression passing through the pronator teres or compression in the carpal tunnel)

Question 39

that is the major presenting issue with a median nerve injury?

Answer 39

Thenar atrophy; loss of opposition; clawing of the digits II And III

Question 40

flexion and abduction of the thumb is still possible after a median nerve injury due to what muscles?

Answer 40

Flexor pollicis longus and abductor pollicis longus

Question 41

what muscles does the ulnar nerve supply?

Answer 41

Flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial half of flexor digitorum profundus; and all the intrinsic muscles of the hand (Except those of the thenar eminence)

Question 42

the nerve of fine motor control of the hand is what nerve?

Answer 42

Ulnar nerve