PO. 2 MIDTERM

Question 1

REFLECTIONS OF OBJECTS FROM STRUCTURE OF THE EYE

Answer 1

PURKINJE SANSON IMAGES

Question 2

ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE CORNEA (ACTUALLY THE TEAR FILM) AND IS COMMONLY REFERRED TO AS “CORNEAL REFLEX

Answer 2

PURKINJE SANSON IMAGE I

Question 3

POSTERIOR SURFACE OF THE CORNEA

Answer 3

purkinje sanson image II

Question 4

FORMED A DISTANT OBJECT THE SIZE OF THE IMAGE FORMED BY A SPHERICAL MIRROR IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE RADIUS OF CURVATURE OF THE REFLECTING SURFACE

Answer 4

PURKINJE SANSON IMAGE I

Question 5

ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE LENS

Answer 5

purkinje sanson image III

Question 6

-POSTERIOR SURFACE OF THE LENS .
-IN THE UNACCOMMODATED STATE IMAGE IV IS THE SMALLEST PURKINJE IMAGE

Answer 6

PURKINJE SANSON IMAGE IV

Question 7

100x Brightervthan purkinje II

Answer 7

purkinje I

Question 8

20% brighter than purkinje III OR IV

Answer 8

purkinje II

Question 9

the human eye has four media

Answer 9

cornea
aqueous humor (ant.chamber)
crystalline lens
vitreous humor (post. CHAMBER)

Question 10

the Eye’s limitations and corrections

Answer 10

myopia
hyperopia
astigmatism
presbyopia

Question 11

HOW THE EYE WORKS

Answer 11

light entry
pupil ADJUSTMENT
lens focusing
image formation
signal transmission
brain interpretation

Question 12

is a complex and fascinating optical instrument that allows us to perceive the world around us

Answer 12

the human eye

Question 13

-the eye is a system of coaxial spherical refracting surfaces.
-that is the center of curvature for the entire refracting surface lie on a common axis coaxial.

Answer 13

CENTERED OR HOMOCENTRIC

Question 14

the refractive indices of the media that surround the REFRACTIng surfaces are uniform

Answer 14

cornea
aqueous
len
vitreous have unique but uniform indices of refraction

Question 15

Gaussian theory of cardinal points three pairs

Answer 15

focal point
principal point
nodal point

Question 16

used to determine the basic imaging properties of lens sych as image size location and orientation

Answer 16

CARDINAL POINTS

Question 17

IMPORTANT REFERENCE POINT FOR ANY OPTICAL SYSTEM

Answer 17

CARDINAL POINTS

Question 18

-LOCATION THROUGH WHICH ANY RAY FROM ANY ANGLE WILL UNDEVIATED.
-IF A RAY PASSES THROUGH THE NODAL POINT IT WILL NOT BE REFRACTED THAT IS IT WILL EXIT THE LENS WITH THE SAME ANGLE AT WHICH IT ENTERED.

Answer 18

NODAL POINT

Question 19

6 cardinal points

Answer 19

1st and 2nd:focal point f,f’
1st and 2nd Nodal point N,n’
1st and 2nd principal P,P’

Question 20

-THE POINT AT WHICH LIGHT IS PRICESLY FOCUSED ON THE RETINA .
-IS WHERE THE LIGHT FROM PARALLEL BUNDLE OF RAYS COMES TO FOCUS

Answer 20

FOCAL POINTS

Question 21

THE POINT WHERE THE PRINCIPAL PLANES INTERSECT WITH THE OPTICAL AXIS

Answer 21

PRINCIPAL POINT

Question 22

RADIU OF CURVATURE
POSITION
INDEX OF REFRACTION

Answer 22

KEY PARAMETERS

Question 23

I,II,III PURKINJE IMAGES ARE ERECT AND THEREFORE WILL APPEAR TO MOVE IN THE SAME DIRECTION AS THE LIGHT

Answer 23

motion of the purkinje images

Question 24

ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR CORNEA
ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR CRYSTALLINE LENS

Answer 24

major optical surface

Question 25

against motion

Answer 25

PURKINJE IV IMAGE

Question 26

THE LINE THAT CONNECTS FIXATION POINT AND THE FOVEA AND THAT PASSES THROUGH THE NODAL POINTS

Answer 26

VISUAL AXIS

Question 27

the line connecting the centres of curvature of all REFRACTIng surfaces

Answer 27

OPTICAL AXIS

Question 28

formed between the optical and visual axis at the nodal point in the average eye the optical axis is displaced temporarily

Answer 28

ANGLE ALPHA

Question 29

From the fixation point to the centre of the entrance pupil (E) and then from the exit pupil (E') to the fovea. clinical counterpart of the visual axis

Answer 29

LINE OF SIGHT

Question 30

THE LINE FROM THE CENTRE OF THE ENTRANCE PUPIL THAT INTERSECT THE CORNEA IN A PERPENDICULAR MANNER. THE CLINICAL COUNTER PART OF THE OPTICAL AXIS

Answer 30

PUPILLARY AXIS

Question 31

FORMED BETWEEN THE PUPILLARY AXIS AND THE LINE OF SIGHT AT THE CENTRE OF THE ENTRANCE PUPIL. THE CLINICAL COUNTERPART OF THE ANGLE ALPHA

Answer 31

ANGLE LAMBDA

Question 32

FROM FIXATION POINT TO THE CENTRE OF ROTATION (AN IMAGINARY REFERENCE POINT FOR EYE MOVEMENTS THAT IS ABOUT 14 MM BEHIND THE CORNEA)

Answer 32

FIXATION AXIS

Question 33

clinical variables

Answer 33

ANGLE LAMBDA (FIXATION STATUS) CORNEAL RADIUS FIXATION DISTANCE PUPIL Size

Question 34

ANGLES

Answer 34

GAMMA ALPHA KAPPA LAMBDA

Question 36

FORMED BETWEEN THE FIXATION AXIS AND THE OPTICAL AXIS AT THE EYE'S CENTRE OF ROTATION (C)

Answer 36

ANGLE GAMMA

Question 39

AXES

Answer 39

F-FIXATION O- OPTICAL V-VISUAL P-PUPILLARY L-LINE OF SIGHT