“Nothing besides remains”
“Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair” (poem + technique)
Ozymandias
Juxtaposition, irony
“Antique land” (poem + technique)
Ozymandias
Adds to semantic field, adjective “antique”
“In every..” x2 (poem + technique)
London
Anaphora/ repetition
“Youthful harlot’s curse” (poem + technique)
London
Juxtaposition
“Marriage hearse” (poem + technique)
London
Oxymoron
“Mind-forged manacles” (poem + technique)
London
Imagery
“Huge peak, black and huge” (poem + technique)
The prelude
Repetition of “huge”
“Heavenly through the water like swan” (poem + technique)
The prelude
Simile, leads to a change in mood
What is the effect of the caesura in “The Prelude”?
Emphasises the power of the mountain as it is able to interrupt the flow of the poem every time its being talked about
What is the effect of the break of iambic pentameter in “The Prelude”?
When less syllables are used it shows how overwhelmed/ speechless the poetic persona is
When extra syllables are used it shows the topic of transcending
(In his thoughts) “there hung darkness” (poem + technique)
The Prelude
Personification, juxtaposes the mood at the start of the poem
“My object” (poem + technique)
My Last Duchess
Possessive pronoun
“Notice Neptune, though, taming a sea-horse” (poem + technique)
My Last Duchess
Symbolism- his obsession with dominance and how he viewed his wife as another rare possession (like art).
“As if she ranked my gift of a nine-hundred year old name with anybodies gift” (poem + technique)
My Last Duchess
Simile
“Valley of death” (poem + technique)
Charge of the Light Brigade
Repetition , biblical imagery
“Jaws of death” (poem + technique)
Charge of the Light Brigade
Personification, semantic field of death
“Mouth of hell” (poem + technique)
Charge of the Light Brigade
Personification, semantic field of death
“Not the six-hundred” (poem + structure technique)
Charge of the Light Brigade
Change in mood
“Honour the charge they made!
Honour the Light Brigade” (poem + technique)
Charge of the light brigade
Anaphora
“But nothing happens” (poem + technique)
Exposure
Repetition- emphasising their insignificance
Cyclical structure
“Is it that we are dying?” (poem + technique)
Exposure
Rhetorical question
(Bombs are)” less deadly than the air that shudders black with snow” (poem + technique)
Exposure
Juxtaposition
“We are prepared” (poem + technique)
Storm on the island
First line
(the sea) “spits like a tamed cat turned savage” (poem + technique)
Storm on the island
Simile
Personification- aggressive
“Pummels your house” (poem + technique)
Storm on the island
Verb- violent
“Its a huge nothing that we fear” (poem + technique)
Oxymoron- suggests fear is a paradox, there is nothing to fear or we fear the emptiness of the “empty wind”
“The patriotic tear” (poem + technique)
Bayonet charge
Irony
“King honour, human dignity, etcetera” (poem + technique)
Bayonet charge
List- almost like its drilled into him in training
“In what cold clockwork of the stars and nation was he the hand pointing that second?” (poem + technique)
Bayonet charge
Metaphor
Rhetorical question
“Blood-shadow” (stayed on the streets) (poem + technique)
Remains
Compound noun
“Probably armed, possibly not” (poem + technique)
Remains
Repetition
(Guy he shit in his head) “dug in behind enemy lunes” (poem + technique)
Remains
Metaphor
“And the drinks and drugs won’t flush him out” (poem + technique)
Remains
Emphasis PTSD
“Sellotape bandage” (poem + technique)
Poppies
Oxymoron- domestic item and injury (war?)
“Released a song bird from its cage” (poem + technique)
Poppies
Metaphor
What is the semantic field used in “Poppies”?
Semantic field of remembrance
What effect does the enjambment in “Poppies” have?
Emphasises the natural flow and tone of the mother, contributing to the theme of remembrance
“They do not care” (poem + technique)
War photographer
Final line
(His editing room) “as though this were a church and he a priest preparing to atone mass” (poem + technique)
War photographer
Simile
“All flesh is grass” (poem + technique)
War photographer
Biblical reference- about the shortness of life
“The reader’s eyeballs prickled with tears between the bath and pre-lunch beers” (poem + technique)
War photographer
Juxtaposition to war zone
(Back to) “ordinary pain which simple weather can dispel, to fields which don’t explode beneath the feet of running children in a nightmare heat” (poem + technique)
War photographer
Juxtaposition, personification of the heat
How is caesura used in “War Photographer”?
To make the reader pause and reflect on the contrast of the war zones and safe England
“Might fly our lives like paper kites” (poem + technique)
Tissue
Simile
“Turned into your skin” (poem + technique)
Tissue
Final line, direct pronoun
What is the effect of enjambment in “Tissue”?
Creates a very calm tone, which reflects her ideas of fragility
“I am branded with an impression of sunlight” (poem + technique)
The Emigree
Juxtaposition
“Sunlight”
The Emigree
Repetition, at the end of every stanza (emphasis hoe branded she is)
(The city) “may be sick” “comes to me” “lies down” “takes me dancing” (poem + technique)
The Emigree
Personification
What are the effect of enjambment and caesura in “The Emigree”?
Reflect the chaos of the place she loves, and her lack of power (cant go back)
What is the effect of the regular stanza length in “ The Emigree”
Reflect the reader trying to control the chaos, in the final stanza she loses control (extra lines) as she gets emotional because she didn’t want to leave
“Dem tell me” (poem + technique)
Checking out me history
Anaphora + repetition, reflect dialect, shows anger
What is the effect of the italicised verses in “ Checking out me history”?
Shows that black history is segregated/ treated differently
What are the effects of the enjambement+ no punctuation in “Checking out me history”?
Shows that he is ranting about, shows passion, forces black and white historical figures in the same sentence
“Which had been the better way to die” (poem + technique)
Kamikaze
Final line
“Pearl grey pebbles” (poem + technique)
Kamikaze
Irony- flying to his death sees pebbles which are usually put at gravestones
“My mother never again spoke in his presence” (poem + technique)
Kamikaze
“Never- hyperbolic
(Everyone acted like he no longer existed) “only we children chattered and laughed/ till gradually we too learned to be silent” (poem + technique)
Kamikaze
Change in mood, enjambement- transition of the kids
What effect does the narrative frame have in “Kamikaze”?
Creates distance ( as it’s the daughter narrating) and adds bias