Poetry Theory Flashcards
(81 cards)
1
Q
What is a prose?
A
Sentences or paragraphs
2
Q
What is a verse?
A
Poetry
3
Q
What’s a simile?
A
A comparison of 2 unlike things using “like” or “as”
4
Q
What’s a metaphor?
A
A comparison of 2 unlike things NOT using “like” or “as”
5
Q
What is personification?
A
Giving non human things, human characteristics
6
Q
What’s an oxymoron?
A
Words or phrase which contradict (opposite)
7
Q
What’s a paradox?
A
A sentence or statement that contradict
8
Q
What’s an allusion?
A
An indirect reference to a famous event, place, object, or person back in time
9
Q
What’s an apostrophe?
A
Speaking or addressing someone or something in a line of poetry
10
Q
What’s a pun?
A
A play upon words
11
Q
What are the 3 forms of a pun?
A
- A word with 2 different meanings
- Similarity of meaning in two words that are homonyms
- 2 words spelled and pronounced similarly but have different meanings
12
Q
What’s a metonymy?
A
One thing is a direct substitute for another
13
Q
What is a synecdoche?
A
A part that represents a whole
14
Q
What’s a free verse?
A
A poem which has rhythm or rhyme
15
Q
What’s a blank verse
A
2 or more lines of iambic pentameter that don’t rhyme (unrhyme iambic pentameter)
16
Q
What’s an iambic pattern?
A
2 syllables; first is unstressed and second is stressed
17
Q
What’s an iambic foot?
A
(Unit of measure) 2 syllables
18
Q
What’s a pentameter?
A
Means 5 feet ( equal to 10 syllables)
19
Q
What a hyperbole?
A
An extreme exhaggeration
20
Q
What is a hyperbole?
A
An extreme exhaggeration
21
Q
What’s onomatopoeia?
A
Sound of the words suggest its meaning
22
Q
What’s symbolism?
A
Something represents something else
23
Q
What’s dénotation?
A
The literal or dictionary meaning of a word
24
Q
What’s a connotation?
A
The implied meaning of a word
25
What’s juxtaposition?
Placing 2 or more words side by side. In a Line of poetry that are unrelated
26
What’s alliteration?
The same consonant or vowel sound at the start of words
27
What assonance ?
Repetition of similar vowel sounds in a line of poetry
28
What’s consonance?
Repetition of similar consonant sounds in a line of poetry
29
Whats litotes?
Negative is stated; affirmative (positive) is meant to
30
What is cacophony?
Poem has harsh, discordant sounds
31
What’s euphony?
Poem has smooth, pleasant sounds
32
What’s imagery?
Figurative language using the five senses to create metaphors, similes, personification, vivid descriptions to produce mental pictures
33
What is repetition?
Repeating words, phrases, lines or stanzas for four possible reasons
34
What are the 4 possible reasons for repetition?
1.rhyme
2. Rhythm
3. Emphasis
4. Continuity
35
What a refrain?
Lines of poetry are repeated at regular intervals within the poem (a chorus in a song)
36
What’s.a refrain?
Lines of poetry that are repeated at regular intervals within the poem (a chorus in a song)
37
What’s a stanza?
Group of lines separated by a line space for four possible reasons
38
What are the 4 possible reasons for a stanza ?
1. Different ideas
2. Rhyme
3. Rhythm
4. Emphasis
39
What’s a rhyming couplet?
2 lines which end rhyme
40
What’s a tercet?
Three line stanza
41
What’s a quatrain?
Four line stanza
42
What’s a cinquain?
Five line stanza
43
What’s a cinquain?
Five line stanza
44
What’s a sestet?
Six line stanza
45
What an octave?
Eight line stanza
46
What is satire?
Any work which ridicules people, ideas, or institutions to make a point for reform
47
What’s parody?
Any work which humorously, ridicules a particular style or literacy composition through imitation purely for entertainment
48
What’s a rhyme?
Similar sounds in words positioned closely together
49
What are the different types of rhyme?
-beginning rhyme
-internal rhyme
-end rhyme
- masculine rhyme
-feminine rhyme
-triple rhyme
-eye/sight rhyme
-half/slant/imperfect rhyme
50
What is beginning rhyme?
The rhyme occurs at the beginning of two or more lines
51
What is internal rhyme?
The rhyme occurs within a single line
52
What is end rhyme?
The rhyme occurs at the end of two or more lines (most common form of lines)
53
What is masculine rhyme?
The rhyme consists of a single syllable
54
What is feminine rhyme?
Two syllables rhyme
55
What is a triple rhyme?
Three Syllables rhyme
56
What is an eye/site rhyme?
Words appear to rhyme (based on site), but they do not sound the same
Eg. creak and break
57
What is a half/slant/imperfect rhyme?
Words in which the final consonants are identical, but the proceeding vowels differ
Eg. bought and fight
58
What is a rhyme scheme?
An alphabetical labelling system used to describe the rhyming pattern in a
Poem
59
What figurative language?
The use of figures of speech, such as a metaphor, simile, personification, etc.
60
What is a persona?
-The character who narrates the poem, NOT the author
-The author creates the speaker sometimes the two resemble one another other
61
What is rhythm?
A recurrent beat it stress of the line
62
What is the mood?
The feelings the reader gets from reading the work
63
What is the tone?
The writers attitude towards the subject and the audience
64
What is the voice
-The distinctive personality of the speaker or persona, (or the author) coming through in a work
-Created through the writers choice of diction point of view, and tone
65
What are the four main classes of poetry?
1. narrative poetry class
2. lyrical poetry class
3. dramatic poetry class
4. social commentary class
66
What is narrative poetry class?
Tells about people involved in a sequence of important events (story arc) (tells a story)
67
What do the most common narrative poems include?
1. Ballads
2. Epic
68
What are ballads?
A form of verse, singing or recitation which presents a story, often about a tragic event, popular legend, courageous act, or great love
69
What are the two main types of ballads?
1. Popular/traditional/folk ballads.
2. Literary/art/modern ballads
70
What’s a popular/traditional/folk ballads?
-Early period
-usually anonymous since it’s passed on from generations
-usually sung
-tragic
-repetition
71
What’s literary/art/modern ballads?
-name of author is given
-composed by poet
-not much repetition
-not composed to be sung
72
What’s an epic?
-Long serious, narrative poem recounting the deeds of heroic figures from legends or history
-super natural forces
-Sophisticated
73
What is dramatic poetry class?
-read aloud or performed
-revealed through monologue or dialogue
-tragic, comedic, dramatic
74
What is social commentary class?
-society’s social habits, customs, attitudes and problems in order to promote much needed changes
Eg. Political structures, treatment of immigrants, etc
75
What is lyrical poetry class?
-most popular
-poet express his desires, feelings, emotions, or ideals
-may be joyful or painful emotion
76
What are the main types of lyrical poetry?
-short lyrical poetry
-longer lyrical poetry
77
What is short lyrical poetry?
-formula poetry (haiku, tanka, cinquain, fumante, and the limerick)
-the epigram (brief, witty statement expressed in 2 to 4 lines
-the epitaph(2 to 4 line poetic inscription on a tombstone)
-nonsensical or humorous poetry
78
What is longer lyrical poetry?
-3-8 stanzas usually
-the elegy (expresses sorrow)
-the ode (addressed to some one or thing)
-the sonnet ( has 3 characteristics)
-14 lines
-written in iambic pentameter
-has complicated rhyme scheme
79
What are the main types of sonnets?
-Shakespearean/ English sonnet
-Petrarchan/Italian sonnet
80
What’s the Shakespearean/English sonnet?
-Rhyme scheme: ABAB CDCD EFEF GG
-3 quatrains and rhyming couplet
81
What’s the Petrarchan/Italian sonnet?
-Rhyme scheme: ABBA ABBA CDECDE
-one octave and a sestet
