POINTERS Week 2&3 Flashcards
focuses on careful inspection and description of phenomena or appearances defined as any object of conscious experience, that is, that we are conscious of (Johnston, 2006).
Phenomenology
Founded “Phenomenology”
Edmund Husserl
It is often thought to be anti-religion because it questions the basis and purpose of man’s existence in the world.
Existentialism
Self examination (Existentialism)
Socrates
He emphasized free individual choice. (Existentialism)
Jean-Paul Sartre
He stated that man is born naturally good. (Existentialism)
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
(Existentialism philosopher)
Soren Kierkegaard
This philosophy rejects modernity, science, and technology.
Postmodernism
Language is officially conditioned, which means the meaning of words is created by what people have agreed upon.
Analytical Tradition
(Analytical tradition philosopher)
Ludwig Wittgenstein
It is centered on the analysis and construction of an argument.
Logic and Critical Thinking
Two Kinds of Reasoning
Inductive, Deductive
A type of reasoning that is based on observations to generalize ideas.
Inductive
A type of reasoning that is based on observations to specific ideas.
Deductive
(Argumentum ad misericordiam) Fallacy
Appeal to pity
(Argumentum ad ignorantiam) Fallacy
Appeal to ignorance
(Argumentum ad hominem) Fallacy
Against the Person
(Argumentum ad baculum) Fallacy
Appeal to force
(Argumentum ad populum) Fallacy
Appeal to the people
Buddha (Buddhism)
Gautama
God/Creator (Hinduism)
Brahma
God/Creator (Christanity)
Jesus: God
She stated that epistemology is a science that is devoted to the discovery of the proper method of acquiring and validating knowledge.
Ayn Rand
He believed that the human mind is like a tabula rasa and develop knowledge through experience.
John Locke
