Polar Bonds Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is the relationship between the number of electrons in a molecule and dispersion forces?
The greater the number of electrons in a molecule, the greater the dispersion forces
What are the layers in graphite held together by?
Dispersion forces
What is the trend of boiling points of noble gases?
The boiling point of noble gases increases down a group due to increasing dispersion forces
Does graphite conduct?
Yes, it is a good conductor of heat and electricity
What is an example of intermolecular hydrogen bonding?
HF
What is the shape of a water molecule?
V-Shape
Why is CCl2H2 an overall polar molecule?
It is tetrahedral in shape and H and Cl have different electronegativity
What are homonuclear molecules?
Formed from atoms of the same element and are non-polar
What are heteronuclear molecules?
Formed from atoms of different elements and are polar
What does a polar bond refer to?
The end of the atom with the greater electronegativity will have a permanent negative charge because the shared pair of electrons spends more time nearer this atom.
The other end of the bond will have an equal positive charge
What is molecular polarity?
The combination of all the bond polarities in a molecule
What does positive bond polarity refer to?
Atoms with lower electronegativity in a molecule
What does negative bond polarity refer to?
Atoms with higher electronegativity in a molecule
What is electronegativity?
The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a bond
What is an atoms electronegativity affected by?
The atomic number and the distance of its valence electrons from the charged nucleus
What is core charge?
The force of attraction between a nucleus and valence electrons, which increases across a period
How is core charge calculated?
Number of protons in the nuclues - number of total inner-shell electrons
What is a dipole?
A pair of equal and oppositely charged poles separated by a distance
What is a permanent dipole?
The partial charge separation that can occur within a molecule along the bond that forms between two different atoms
What is a polar bond?
A covalent bond where there is an electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms and they are asymmetrical
What is a non-polar bond?
A covalent bond between 2 non-metal atoms that have the same electronegativity and are symmetrical
