poli sci midterm mutlaw

Question 1

What term is used to describe the ability to get others to want what you want?

Answer 1

soft power

Question 2

*The political theory of the social concept is often associated with which of the following philosophers?**

Answer 2

locke, hobbes, reusseu

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a people who are scattered over the territory of several states or dispersed widely and who have no autonomous, independent, or sovereign governing body of their own?

Answer 3

stateless nation

Question 4

*Which of the following is a rare example of a culturally and linguistically divided state that started out that way?**

Answer 4

belgium

Question 5

Since the German people of the 1930s and 40s were not inherently evil, wicked, or maniacal, why did the Nazi Holocaust occur?

Answer 5

moral indifference

Question 6

*According to the text, which of the following is the “father” of political science?**

Answer 6

aristotle

Question 7

**A country’s military capacity is an example of what?

Answer 7

hard power

Question 8

*Which of the following might be called a stateless nation?**

Answer 8

the kurds

Question 9

*Political scientists employing the behavioral approach tend to….

Answer 9

avoid moral and philosophical study

Question 10

*Political theorists tend to focus on such issues as…..

Answer 10

the connection between human nature and politics

Question 11

A specialist in international relations would likely NOT focus on….

Answer 11

the definition of the good life

Question 12

What term is best used to describe the role of reason over emotion in human behavior?

Answer 12

rational choice

Question 13

Political scientists studying how to improve the hiring process for a city government would be working in which subfield?

Answer 13

public administration

Question 14

**The study of political science includes the study of which of the following fields?

Answer 14

• political theory
• us government
• international relations

Question 15

*What theory holds that individuals and states alike act according to the iron logic of self-interest?

Answer 15

rational choice theory

Question 16

Political scientists who study similarities and differences in legislative processes across countries would be working in which subfield?

Answer 16

Comparative politics

Question 17

Which subfield would involve a political scientist who would specialize in how a bureaucracy implements governmental policies?

Answer 17

Public administration

Question 18

According to a recent issue of The Economist, what is the strongest force shaping politics today?

Answer 18

money

Question 18

The principal reason to study politics is

Answer 18

public interest

Question 19

Which of the following would favor a public assistance program, cuts in military spending, more regulation of business and industry, and a progressive tax system?*

Answer 19

liberals

Question 20

Who did not influence the theory of revolutionary communism?

Answer 20

Aleister Crowley

Question 21

What is the term for the filter that we use to interpret events?

Answer 21

ideology

Question 22

23. What would be the next step beyond anarchism, which sees destruction of all social and political institutions as a justifiable end?

Answer 22

• Answer: Nihilism

Question 23

31. Liberalism and conservatism are both rooted in principles found in the political philosophy of

Answer 23

• Answer: John Locke.

Question 24

30. **Who did not influence the ideas of conservatism?**

Answer 24

- **Answer:** Adam Smith

Question 25

29. **Which of the following policies could be linked to the notion of racial superiority?**

Answer 25

- **Answer:** Foreign policy, civil rights, and immigration

Question 26

28. **What theory is collectivism fundamentally opposed to?**

Answer 26

- **Answer:** Capitalism

Question 27

27. **Following World War I, extremists of the right became dominated by what ideology?**

Answer 27

- **Answer:** Fascism

Question 28

26. **The root of the differences between liberals and conservatives can be found in**

Answer 28

- **Answer:** Their views on what role government should play in shaping society.

Question 29

25. **Which of the following do conservatives tend to stress the most?**

Answer 29

- **Answer:** The right of people to pursue economic rights

Question 30

24. **Which of the following would be considered a totalitarian political system?**

Answer 30

- **Answer:** Fascism

Question 31

32. **Which of the following believed that a commercial democracy would foster certain modest bourgeois virtues, including “frugality, economy, moderation, labor, prudence, tranquility, order and rule?”**

Answer 31

- **Answer:** Baron de Montesquieu

Question 32

34. **Who developed the idea of laissez-faire capitalism?**

Answer 32

- **Answer:** Adam Smith

Question 33

35. **Who is known as the “worldly philosopher?”**

Answer 33

- **Answer:** Adam Smith

Question 34

36. **What idea did John Locke contribute to that serves as the core of modern-day conservatism?**

Answer 34

- **Answer:** Social Contract

Question 35

37. **What concept best defines the differences between American liberalism and American conservatism?**

Answer 35

- **Answer:** Human nature

Question 36

38. **Capitalism supports which of the following theories?**

Answer 36

- **Answer:** Market forces and trickle-down theory

Question 37

39. **Who is credited with the idea of the “invisible hand” of the marketplace, expressed in the law of supply and demand?**

Answer 37

- **Answer:** Adam Smith

Question 38

40. **What does the word utopia mean?**

Answer 38

- **Answer:** Both “no place” and “a place where all is well”

Question 39

41. **In The Republic, what common theme is explored throughout Socrates’ text?**

Answer 39

- **Answer:** Justice

Question 40

42. **According to Plato, what particular virtue would the philosophers possess that would make them better able to rule?**

Answer 40

- **Answer:** Wisdom and reason

Question 41

43. **Why does Socrates’ discussion revolve around an imaginary city in The Republic?**

Answer 41

- **Answer:** Each component displays a particular cardinal virtue.

Question 42

44. **What is the purpose of The Republic’s “Noble Lie?”**

Answer 42

- **Answer:** Ensure popular acceptance of the class system

Question 43

45. **According to Bacon, science is the key to**

Answer 43

- **Answer:** Improving the human condition.

Question 44

46. **With its emphasis on science, education, and toleration, what word would best describe Bacon’s society?**

Answer 44

- **Answer:** Progressive

Question 45

47. **Who is considered the creator of “scientific socialism?”**

Answer 45

- **Answer:** Karl Marx

Question 46

48. **What term is used to describe the abolishment of private property and the creation of a classless society?**

Answer 46

- **Answer:** Withering Away of the State

Question 47

49. **What term does Walden Two use to describe good health, a minimum of unpleasant labor, and a chance to exercise your talents and true leisure?**

Answer 47

- **Answer:** The good life

Question 48

50. **What is the major flaw of Frazier’s utopia?**

Answer 48

- **Answer:** No check on power

Question 49

51. **Which utopia was based on more psychological principles?**

Answer 49

- **Answer:** Walden Two

Question 50

52. **Which writer provided only a vague outline of what his utopia would look like?**

Answer 50

- **Answer:** Karl Marx