Flashcards in Policing Deck (38)
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1
Patrol in community Era
Reduce the fear of crime by a close relationship with the community
2
Crime analysis is the
qualitative and quantitative study of crime and police related information in combination w/ sociological and demographic and spatial factors to apprehend criminals, prevent crime, reduce disorder & evaluate organizational procedures
3
the GOAL of crime analysis is to provide
info that is fast, reliable & accurate
-Improve administrative reports whre needed
-Improve strategic analysis efforts for better decision making
4
August Vollmer, Berkley chief of police revolutionized police thinking
vehicle patrol, radio comm, fingerprinting
-formation of patrol districts based on crime volume
5
Orlando Winfield wilson-volmmer's protegee wrote the book
crime analysis
6
administrative crime analysis is the presentation of interesting findings of crime research and
analysis based on legal, political, and practical concerns to inform audiences w/in police admin.
7
Objectives of administrative crime analysis include:
assist general reporting
improve UCR coding processes by renewing coded reports for accuracy
suggest improvements to the management system
produce CAR reports & data in timely manner
provide general hot spot & crime dist maps & reports on an ad-hoc basis
8
administrative crime analysis
long term
general in nature
9
strategic crime analysis is the study of crime and police info
integrated w/ socio-demo & spatial factros to deterine long term "pattern" of activity to assist in problem solving, as well as to research and evaluate responses and procedures
10
Strategic CA obectives include
creates hot spot maps by diff geographical areas & bounderies that are informative & useful
create easy to read reports that explain date, time, day of wk, distance of crime in specific areas
11
Intelligence analysis is the study of "organize" criminal activity, whether or not it is,
reported to the police, to assist investigative personnel in linking together ppl, events, property
12
Criminal Investigative analysis is the study of serial criminals,
victims, and/or crime scenes and physical, socio demographic, psychological, & geographic characteristics to develop patterns that assist in linking tohether and solving current serial criminal activity
13
what is the focus on crime theory?
suspect search patterns for targets
14
what is the philosophy of community policing?
how we should fix it
get the community to solve it together and bring in answers
15
SARA is the component of the
four process problem-solving process
16
SARA stands for
scanning, analysis, response, and assessment
17
Situational crime prevention uses the concepts of
environmental criminology about why crime occurs in specific settings and seeks solutions that reflect the nature of those things
18
Situational crime prevention was pioneered in
England in the 1980's by Ron Clarke
-focuses on the criminal even itself
19
Situational crime prevention focuses on 3 opportunity components:
Conditions:
1. those that induce an individual to commit an offense
2. The availability of a suitable crime target
3. The degree of risk to exposure
20
CPTED
crime prevention through environmental design
-hiking trails need lighting
-dark places
21
Compstat focuses on
providing initial stats-police managers, etc
and relentless follow up
22
Benefits of crime analysis
more data is available
data problem can be identified
-collect, collate, analyze, disseminate, evaluate
23
Discretion is defined as:
free to make choices among possible course of action or inaction
24
eustress
stress that is normal and good, even providing on-the job motivation
25
distress
stress that is outside of the normal range and very harmful over time
-external/internal factors
26
What percentage of cases get solved?
2%
27
Why is clearance rate not reliable?
only 36% or crimes are reported
-data is manipulated
data is audited
28
Wickersham commission
Social awareness of problems between police and minority communities
-establish a complaint system
29
Kerner Commission
better recruitment and training standards
-accountability to the community
-establish mechanisms for registering complaints
30
Knapp commission
-reorganize internal affairs dept
-civilian oversight of the police
-create post of state special prosecutor
31
christopher commission
implement structural changes in recruitment, selection, training and eval
-establish a new system for andling complaints and improve civilian oversight
-implement a community based policing model
32
mollen commission
improve screening, recruitment and training
-increase and improve supervision
-reform internal/external oversight
-enhance sanctions for brutality and corruption
33
Models of oversight
internal affairs bureaus, democratic accountability, hierarchical accountability, procedural justice.
34
Kansas city response time study suggests that
citizens take longer to report crimes to the police than it takes the police to respond
35
Preliminary investigation
done by the first officer that arrives at scene by making the scene safe
36
crime scene is the are from which the
majority of the physical evidence associated with the crime is obtained
37
the locard exchange principle recognizes that
it is impossible for anyone to enter a location without changing it in some way either bringing something in or taking something from it
38
