political and economic condition of satellite States Flashcards
(23 cards)
The satellite sates?
Czechozlavakia
gdr
poland
Hungary
Bulgaria
Romania
Yugoslavia significance
most satellite states had communist rule following the occupation of the red army 1945, but Yugoslavia had their home grown party, which refused communist rule pressured by Stalin in 1948 which concerned the ussr that they wouldn’t follow communist model.
How did Poland carry themselves during Stalins reign
followed Stalin. y example through carrying out purges, left them confused and unsure how to rule after his death in 1953 especially when Khrushchev was beginning his process of destalinisation
The party and what they had done?
The puwp they closely followed soviet model and supported the idea of moving towards a socialist state. once achieved they began process of sovietisation rapid industrialisation and collectivisation of peasant agriculture (halted due to peasant resistance).
What caused the riots?
by 1956, the poles were not given what they were promised - unsanitary conditions, poor wc, long hours so this led to 100000 workers riot in June 1956.
what did the riots cause
shook the hard line leaders confidence in Poland
who was party leader first?
gomulka in 1956
wasn’t ideal leader as he believed in Polands own soviet model instead of following the soviet one. however after process of desalinisation by Khrushchev change was required
hat change was in Poland after Khrushchevs leadership?
- gomulka chosen as he was moderate unlike previous leader who was a little stalin
- agreed o condition he could introduce some reforms
- convinced Soviet Union he wouldn’t jeprodise Warsaw pact alliances and relationship with ussr
- Khrushchev knew he’d toe the line
although communist parties had different approaches what was something they followed the soviet model by?
full control over culture , organisations and factions in society
party control over government?
had full control, government officials normally members of the polituburo. same with legal system and planned economy
what was the basis of party having full control over factions?
they were in charge of workers rights and benefits
what was different with polish elections compared to the cpu?
they had list of different candidates to choose from, however their parties were controlled by front of national party so it was ensured they wouldn’t go against the puwp.
how else was puwp different from cpsu?
reformist agenda which predated the secret speech and the election of gomulka, which hurt relations with other staelite states due to their suspicion of the new course and their little Stalins.
why were the puwp different?
- less purges than other states so wider range of options
- Catholic Church had big influence - reduced puwps one
- had to separate themselves from soviet model so people would actually be on board given poles previous un-support
- intellectuals were in the puwp and pushed for liberalism
collectivatsation in Poland?
resisted by peasants, and party would use financial penalties and harrasament as punishment but still didn’t work. by 1953, they switched to giving financial rewards for those who with to collective farms, as a result by 1955 9% of Polands farmland covered by collective farms. productivity still lower than private farms
collective farms after gomulka?
after unrest in 1956, he stopped collectivisation of farms and allowed peasants to leave them. by 1956, they only covered 1% of farmland
central economy?
after Stalins death they reduced investments in heavy industry and put it towards agriculture and workers wages. criticised Stalins economic model in 1956, but gomulka reverted to soviet model again of increasing targets, and wages failing to keep up with higher work pace.
leader of party of czechozlavakia?
novotny
hard liner, little Stalin, and resisted reform demands even within the party follwoing Stalins death
what had novotny been involved in during Stalins rule?
show trials and purges in the cpz, which is why he was so reluctant to de stalinisation.
how many prisoners did novotny still have?
9000 by 1960.
due to dislike of his rigidity by both Czechs and Khrushchev he had to allow for investigations which allowed for many prisoners to be freed.
similarity with Poland elections?
same process.
the partys repression?
didn’t have intellectuals in party as they were purged in 1952 after Stalins concern for the stray from socialism. eleven reformers were executed in show trial. widespread arrests and interrogations occurred, meaning by 1956, Cpzs power depended on fear and control, especially as a large part of the population, the Catholic Church, had their activities restricted too.
