Political developments and the working of democracy, 1924-28 and Germany's international position, 1924-28

Question 1

How many election were there in 1924 ?

Answer 1

2

Question 2

What parties supported the Weimar Republic?

Answer 2

• SPD
• DDP
• DVP
• Centre

Question 3

What % of vote did Nazi’s win in May 1924 Reichstag election ?

Answer 3

6.5%

Question 4

What % of vote did Nazi’s win in Dec 1924 Reichstag election ?

Answer 4

3%

Question 5

What % voted for pro-republican parties in May 1924 ?

Answer 5

over 61%

Question 6

What % voted for pro-republican parties in Dec 1924 ?

Answer 6

67%

Question 7

What did the election of 1924 show ?

Answer 7

democratic parties were struggling to provide stable governments that commanded widespread support

Question 8

Number of KPD deputies in 1920 compared to May 1924 ?

Answer 8

1920 - 4
May 1924 - 62

Question 9

Number of NSDAP deputies in 1920 compared to May 1924 and Dec 1924 ?

Answer 9

1920 - 0
May 1924 - 32
Dec 1924 - 14

Question 10

How many cabinets between 1919-1932 had majority support in the Reichstag ?

Answer 10

6 out of 23

Question 11

All Chancellors between 1923-28:

Answer 11

• Scheidemann (Aug 1923)
• Bauer (Oct 1923)
• Müller (Nov 1923)
• Marx (June 1924)
• Luther (Jan 1925-Jan1926)
• Marx (May 1926 - Jan 1927)
• Müller (June 1928)

Question 12

Why did Luthers cabinet collapse ?

Answer 12

a dispute with Hindenburg over whether the old imperial flag or republic flag should be flown

Question 13

What was the reason Müllers gov survived ?

Answer 13

strong working relations between him and his foreign minister Stresemann

Question 14

During the ‘golden age’ why did they fail to establish a stable democratic system that could be supported by the majority of Germans ?

Answer 14

• deputies didn’t represent a particular political area leading to a lack of connection between a deputy and their constituents
• party list system of choosing deputies to represent an area gave committees control over deputies
• factional rivalries
• party leaders often gave higher priority to protecting the interest of their own party than to national interest

Question 15

What remained the largest single party in the reichstag during golden age ?

Answer 15

SPD

Question 16

Who did SPD appeal to ?

Answer 16

industrial worker

Question 17

Who did the SPD not appeal to ?

Answer 17

• women
• young people
• farmers
• agricultural workers
• mittlestand

Question 18

Why was the Centre Party established ?

Answer 18

to defend the interests of the Roman Catholic Church

Question 19

Who was the Centre party supported by :

Answer 19

• industrial workers
• farmers
• landlords
• professional groups

Question 20

How many coalition govs were formed with the Centre Party ?

Answer 20

none

Question 21

How did the Centre party change in leadership change in 1928 ?

Answer 21

they got a new leader Brüning who was less committed to parliamentary democracy then previous leader Marx
showed a drift towards right

Question 22

What party was Stresemann ?

Answer 22

DVP

Question 23

Who were DVP’s supported by ?

Answer 23

industrialists

Question 24

What happened to the DVP after 1929 ?

Answer 24

drifted to the right and began promoting the interest of big businesses more

Question 25

Who were the DNVP's supported by ?

Answer 25

- industrialists - professional groups - industrial workers

Question 26

What were the DNVP's main aims ?

Answer 26

to restore the monarch and dismantle the treaty of Versailles

Question 27

DNVP in cabinets ?

Answer 27

firstly was opposed as they were anti-wiemar but did join Luthers cabinet in 1926 and Marx's in 1927 change in tactics

Question 28

What happened to the DNVP in 1928 ?

Answer 28

in reichstag elections suffered a loss of support leading them to return to their anti-democratic ways

Question 29

When was Hitler not allowed to speak in public til ?

Answer 29

1927

Question 30

How many members and deputies did the NSDAP have at end of 1927 ?

Answer 30

- only 75,000 - 6 deputies

Question 31

What did the Nazi's do in 1928 to try and gain further appeal ?

Answer 31

they began to concentrate their efforts in rural areas

Question 32

NSDAP membership in 1929 ?

Answer 32

150,000

Question 33

What happened to the KPD in 1923 ?

Answer 33

the leadership was summoned to Moscow to be instructed to launch a communist revolution in Germany

Question 34

After 1924 what did the soviet leadership instruct the KPD to do ?

Answer 34

to change their priority to attacking the SPD as they had betrayed the working class making them concentrate on attacking SPD rather than countering Nazi influence

Question 35

What did the KPD call the SPD ?

Answer 35

'social fascists'

Question 36

What did Moscow instructing a communist revolution in 1923 lead to ?

Answer 36

uprisings in Saxony and Hamburg

Question 37

When did Ebert die ?

Answer 37

Feb 1925

Question 38

How many candidates where there in the first round of the Presidential election ?

Answer 38

7

Question 39

The result of the first round of the presidential election ?

Answer 39

Jarres won most votes but there was no outright winner

Question 40

Who replaced Jarres in the presidential election ?

Answer 40

Hindenburg

Question 41

Who were the final three candidates in the presidential election ?

Answer 41

3 - Hindenburg - Marx - Thälmann

Question 42

When did Hindenburg begin ruling with Presidential decree ?

Answer 42

by the 1930s

Question 43

When was the Dawes Plan ?

Answer 43

1924

Question 44

When was the Locarno Pact ?

Answer 44

1925

Question 45

When was Germany admitted to the League of Nations ?

Answer 45

1926

Question 46

When was the Treaty of Berlin ?

Answer 46

1926 with the USSR

Question 47

When did allied forces withdraw from zone 1 of Rhineland ?

Answer 47

1926

Question 48

Who created the policy of fulfilment?

Answer 48

Stresemann

Question 49

What did the policy of fulfilment involve ?

Answer 49

Germany cooperating with France, Great Britain, the USA and Italy on issues such as reparation payments and removing allied occupation

Question 50

When was Stresemann foreign minister ?

Answer 50

1923-1929

Question 51

In what pact did the policy of fulfilment bore fruit ?

Answer 51

the Locarno Pact, 1925

Question 52

What are the 2 parts of the Locarno Pact ?

Answer 52

- Rhineland Pact - Arbitration Treaties

Question 53

What was agreed under the Rhineland Pact :

Answer 53

- respecting Western Frontier - Germany keep troops out of Rhineland - Britain and Italy promised to aid Germany, France or Belgium were attacked

Question 54

Under the Arbitration treaties :

Answer 54

- Germany agreed with France, Belgium, Poland and Czech that any dispute should be settled by a conciliation committee - France signed 'mutual guarantee' with Poland and Czech - saying France would make sure Germany didn't break above agreement

Question 55

What did Stresemann regard Locarno as ?

Answer 55

his greatest achieve got him a Nobel Peace Prize in 1926

Question 56

How did German nationalists react to Stresemann's Locarno Pact ?

Answer 56

they attacked Stresemann for appeasing the Allies

Question 57

When was the Treaty of Rapallo and with who ?

Answer 57

1922 with Russia

Question 58

What did the 1922 Treaty of Rapallo state ?

Answer 58

- Germany and Russia resumed trade - diplomatic relations between two countries restored - claims for war damage dropped - Germany allowed to develop new weapons and train pilots in Russia

Question 59

When was the Kellog-Briand Pact ?

Answer 59

1928

Question 60

What was the Kellog-Briand Pact ?

Answer 60

international agreement with France and USA which states that countries would renounce their use of offensive wars to resolve disputes

Question 61

When was allied occupation fully removed ?

Answer 61

by 1930