Political Institution Flashcards
(43 cards)
Refers to activities through which people make,
preserve, and amend the general rules under which
they live.
POLITICS
Refers to activities through which people make,
preserve, and amend the general rules under which
they live.
POLITICS
-Is legitimate power
-A person who has authority has the right to exercise
power.
AUTHORITY
The exercise of authority means that the person who
exercise power is obeyed by the people because
he/she is recognized as the rightful or legitimate ruler
or leader.
AUTHORITYAUTHORITY
Bands during the prehistoric period were only comprised of family members and
their leadership structure was less complicated and simple.
HISTORY
Several trends that have been
observed pertaining to the development of political structures and institutions throught
the centuries:
-increased population density
-large surplus of resources and wealth
-greater social inequality
-less reliance on kinship relations as basis of political structures
-increased internal and external conflict
-increase power and responsibility of leaders
-increased burden on the population to support political leaders
The establishment of larger
communities such as tribes and chiefdoms paved the way for more complex
forms of organizations where leadership was no longer simply based on skills
HISTORY
as societies further progressed from bands to nations, political structures
and institutions evolved in different forms.
TRENDS
Originated from the latin word Legitimare,
which means
“to declare lawful,
“and is
broadly defined as “rightfulness.”
LEGITIMACY
Confers an order or command an
authoritative or binding character, thus
transforming power into authority
LEGITIMACY
_________________ studied the transformation of societies and observed that the bases
of legitimacy of rule vary in different types of societies. He came up with three
types of authority: traditional, charismatic, and legal-rational.
Max Weber
is based on the presumed special and extraordinary characteristics or
qualities possessed by a certain individual.
CHARISMATIC AUTHORITY
For ________________, there
must be an explanation or justification why certain people rise to positions of
authority or superiority and why they are obeyed. Thus, the important question
to be asked is what makes a rule or a law accepted and obeyed by people.
Max Weber
y is based on a system that is believed to have
“always existed.”
TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY
The three types of authority identified by Weber are what he referred to as the _______________
“ideal or pure types.”
The three types of authority
TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY
CHARISMATIC AUTHORITY
LEGAL-RATIONAL
The most typical type of authority, in modern societies.
LEGAL-RATIONAL
is generally considered a gift or an innate quality unique to a
person, but there are also instances when it can be manufactured through the use of
propaganda.
Charisma
Power and authority
in a legal-rational context are legitimized by a clearly defined, set of
written rules and laws.
LEGAL-RATIONAL
Heads of governments such as _________ and ___________ posses legal-rational authority
presidents and prime
ministers
can rightfully wield authority if they obtain
their positions according to established procedures such as elections or
through appointment.
Leaders
Among the three types of authority,
a ______________ system has the highest degree of stability.
legal-rational
Anthropologists define ________________________ as
“the groups
within a culture that are responsible for public decisionmaking and leadership, maintaining social cohesion and
order, protecting group rights, and ensuring safety from
external threats.
“
POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS
___________________________ have evolved as societies progressed over time.
From the emergence of simple bands, tribes, and chiefdoms, to the establishment
of modern nation-states, different types of political organizations and leadership
structures emerged as social interactions underwent transformations.
Political and leadership structures
