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2022-23 > Political Science Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Political Science Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

The 6 Factors that Shape Public Opinion

A

The Family
The Schools
The Mass Media
Peer Groups
Opinion Leaders
Historic Events

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2
Q

What does it mean that many publics exist in the United States?

A

A public is made up of a group of individuals who share the same view on a particular public issue; each group of people with a different point of view is a public

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3
Q

The types of information communicated by the Family that contribute to public opinion:

A

Fundamental attitudes
Basic Slant
^From parents

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4
Q

The types of information communicated by The Schools that contribute to public opinion:

A

*The first place besides family where children are exposed to others’ opinions
-Kids learn about citizenship, history
-Gain political knowledge
-Begin to form their own political opinions

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5
Q

The types of information communicated by Mass Media that contribute to public opinion:

A

*Always present
-News
^Bias on news sources
We tend to absorb the opinions of popular figures or what we see on the internet, without knowing if it is true

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6
Q

The types of information communicated by Peer Groups that contribute to the formation of public opinion:

A

-Members of peer groups likely share many of the same beliefs; don’t hear others views
-To be liked/fit in with a peer group, you are influenced to think the same way as them

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7
Q

The types of information communicated by Opinion Leaders that contribute to the formation of public opinion:

A

*People who have a strong influence on others’ opinions and reach a large audience
-Looking up to someone, or thinking that their opinions must be right/important due to their status, or leader figure, influences you to think the same as them

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8
Q

The types of information communicated by Historic Events that contribute to the formation of public opinion:

A

-Major historical events can change the way people view the role of government in society
-Also, how a particular party supports/views an issue can sway the political orientation of a person

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9
Q

Why are family and school particularly important in shaping people’s political views?

A

*The family and schools are a person’s “first teachers”
-Pick up fundamental attitudes that affect their opinions for the rest of their life
-Learn about citizenship and gain political knowledge where kids first learn how to form their own opinions (exposed to others’ beliefs)

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10
Q

Politics, public issues, and the making of public policies - those events & issues that concern the people at large

A

Public affairs

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11
Q

Those attitudes held by a significant number of people on matters of government and politics

A

Public opinion

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12
Q

A complex collection of the opinions of many different people

A

Public Opinion

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13
Q

Those means of communication that reach large, widely dispersed audiences simultaneously

A

Mass Media

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14
Q

Made up of the people with whom one regularly associates with (friends, coworkers, neighbors, classmates)

A

Peer group

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15
Q

A person who, for any reason, has an unusually strong influence on the views of others

A

Opinion Leader

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16
Q

Communication outlets or tools used to store and deliver information or data

A

Media

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17
Q

Components of Mass Media:

A

*Communications Industry:
-broadcasting
-advertising
-print media
-publishing
-news media
-photography
-cinema

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18
Q

Mass Media 50 years ago v.s. Today:

A

50 years ago:
-nightly TV news
-radio
-newspapers
-billboards/advertisements
Today:
-24/7 access
-more variety of news sources
-Online/technology
-Social Media
-^Regular people creating news

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19
Q

Technique of persuasion aimed at influencing individual or group behaviors

A

Propaganda

20
Q

Goal of propaganda:

A

To create a particular belief (may be true or false), to influence you to do something

21
Q

Propaganda is neither ________or ________

A

Moral (good) or immoral (bad)
*It is not the propaganda itself that is good or bad, but the person who creates it (what their intentions are)

22
Q

Unaware of or indifferent to questions of right or wrong

A

Amoral

23
Q

Propaganda is ________

A

Amoral

24
Q

Examples of moral propaganda:

A

-Churches/Religion
-Encourage Voting
-Advertisements/commercials for nonprofit organizations

25
Q

Examples of immoral propaganda:

A

-Fake News
-False advertisements/exaggeration in products (endorsements)
-Promoting Prejudice against a certain group of people

26
Q

3 Things Propaganda needs to be Successful:

A

-Simple
-Interesting
-Credible (some element of truth)

27
Q

A situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives, especially where all choices are challenging

A

Dilemma

28
Q

A region in the San Francisco Bay Area where many technology companies are headquartered, including Google and Apple

A

Silicon Valley

29
Q

A set of mathematical instructions followed by a computer to achieve a set outcome

A

Algorithm

30
Q

False stories that appear to be news, often spread on the internet to influence political views, discredit a public figure, or as a joke

A

Fake News

31
Q

A design technique where content is loaded continuously as the user scrolls down the screen

A

Infinite Scroll

32
Q

A method of comparing two versions of a webpage or app against each other to determine which one performs better

A

A/B Test

33
Q

A sharp division into opposing factions within a population or group

A

Polarization

34
Q

A set or moral principles that govern a person’s behavior or conduct

A

Ethics

35
Q

A threat to human existence

A

Existential Threat/Crisis

36
Q

What did the documentary identify as an existential threat/crisis?

A

Social Media

37
Q

Do social media companies track how long a person looks at each image in their feed?

A

Yes

38
Q

As of September 2020, between 1 and 2 billion people use social media at least once a month

A

True

39
Q

“Infinite scroll” uses the same principles as Vegas Slot Machines

A

True

40
Q

The majority of social media engineers and CEOs do not allow their own children to use the Apps they build

A

True

41
Q

Teenagers in Gen Z are more likely to go on dates than previous generations

A

False

42
Q

Between the 1960s and today, computer processing power has increased by around 1 billion times

A

False (much higher)

43
Q

Teenagers in Gen Z are more likely to be anxious and depressed than previous generations

A

True

44
Q

Every Facebook and Instagram user sees a different “feed” based on what the algorithm knows about them

A

True

45
Q

Every user sees a different Wikipedia entry based on where they search from and their search history

A

False

46
Q

Fake news spreads slower than factual news across social networks

A

False (the opposite)

2022-23 (15 decks)

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