political science exam #2 review Flashcards

(59 cards)

1
Q

The definition of political parties is purposefully

A

broad

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2
Q

What is true about the modern Republican Party?

A

It emerged as a major party as a result of the Civil War

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3
Q

Which political party wanted to reduce favored primary elections to replace nominating conventions, strict voter registration requirements, and civil service reform.

A

Progressives

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4
Q

A period when a lasting shift occurs in the popular coalition supporting one or both parties is called a

A

realignment

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5
Q

What was the major issue in the 1860 realignment period?

A

Slavery

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6
Q

There are two main types of primary elections:

A

closed and open primaries

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7
Q

The plurality system can be described as

A

winner-take-all

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8
Q

A voter’s stable, long-term attachment to a political party is known as a

A

partisan identification

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9
Q

Political scientists think of parties as consisting of the following parts EXCEPT

A

an individual leader

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10
Q

A consistent set of beliefs about what policies governments ought to pursue is referred to as

A

political ideology

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11
Q

It is suggested that Americans view the concept of “social class” in their country with a sense of

A

embarrassment

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12
Q

Several studies have shown that government policy is often more responsive to the preferences of

A

The economic elite

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13
Q

What group did Madison and other Framers look to “as a defense to the people against their own temporary errors and delusions.”?

A

The Senators

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14
Q

What group did Madison and other Framers look to “as a defense to the people against their own temporary errors and delusions.”?

A

The Senators

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15
Q

Individuals with a disproportionate share of political power are called

A

political elites

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16
Q

True or False: Asians are now the largest minority group in the United States.

A

False

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17
Q

One reason that public policy often differs from public opinion is that

A

the U.S. Constitution places many checks on the influence of public opinion

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18
Q

True or False: Most high school students share the same political party identification as their parents.

A

True

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19
Q

If any given voter has a chance of being selected to participate in a survey, the sample is best described as a

A

Random sample

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20
Q

Serena has grown up hearing her parents talk about their views on immigration and often observed their support for politicians embracing immigration reform. When she is eligible to vote, Serena decides that she supports these candidates, too. Serena’s political views are a result of

A

Political Socialization

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21
Q

Which constitutional amendment extended the right to vote to those 18 years and older?

A

Twenty-sixth (26) Amendment

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22
Q

Today, voter turnout rates in American are ____________ they were for previous generations.

A

Lower than

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23
Q

Joining civic associations, supporting social movements, and writing to legislators, are examples of

A

political participation

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24
Q

Federal elections in the United States are always held in

25
What legislation significantly increased political participation among seniors?
Social Security Act
26
What law requires citizens to show a government-issued ID in order to vote?
voter identification law
27
The most common form of political participation is
voting
28
Cassandra likes to get involved in political efforts. She works the phones, hands out flyers for her favorite candidate, and she always votes. Cassandra is an example of a
campaigner
29
William does not enjoy the conflict that goes along with a senatorial campaign. He would much rather find a cause at the local level—forming and joining organizations to deal with local problems. William is an example of a
communalist
30
Participation in politics is driven by all of the following factors EXCEPT: being asked to participate diminished civic skills access to resources experiences with government programs
diminished civic skills
31
During elections, what type of voters decide based on punishment or reward for the health of the nation?
retrospective voters
32
What type of issue is one in which the rival candidates have opposing views on a question that also divides the voters?
positional issue
33
As a result of the Watergate investigation, a new law was passed affecting
campaign financing
34
In 1911, Congress decided the House be fixed at how many members?
435
35
Today, individuals may give the federal limit of $2700 to as many candidates as he or she likes.
True
36
Most of the money for congressional candidates comes from
Individuals
37
What was the single biggest expenses in every recent presidential campaign?
campaign advertising
38
Which of the following is sometimes referred to as a "dark money" group?
501(c)4 group
39
The following are all primary factors that typically shape presidential elections, EXCEPT political party affiliation campaign funds the state of the economy the character of the candidates
campaign funds
40
The most significant legal constraints on interest groups comes from
the tax code and campaign finance law
41
Which Amendment protects the activities of lobbyists?
First (1st) Amendment
42
As people leave the federal government to take more lucrative positions, there is concern that this "revolving door" may
giver private interests as improper influence on government decisions
43
Although Congress officially banned earmarks in 2011, members of Congress still work to influence government agencies associated with special funds in a process called
lettermarking or phonemarking
44
True or False: Today, union membership is largely comprised of government workers.
True
45
Interest groups are an important way for people to have their voices heard because of
the large size and diversity of our country
46
True or False: The number and size of interest groups is positively correlated to the size of government.
True
47
A person who tries to influence legislation on behalf of an interest group is known as a
lobbyist
48
In 2016, how much did interest groups spent over on lobbying?
1 Billion
49
Americans are more likely to join _________ than are citizens of other democracies.
labor unions
50
Newspapers are limited in the amount of slanting they can get away with in part because
they have to satisfy many different people, from advertisers to editors, to make money
51
The medium that first allowed public officials to reach the public in a relatively unfiltered manner was
Radio
52
The term yellow journalism was coined to describe media sensationalism in what era?
The turn of the century
53
A policy leaked to the press to see how it plays out with the public is known as
A trail balloon
54
Compared to other democratic nations, The United States restricts the press
much less than
55
America has a long standing tradition of media that are
privately owned
56
Horse-race journalism concerns the critics because they feel such coverage
ignores the importance of issues
57
In places where a local paper has closed, citizens
know less about the issues and are less politically active
58
The ability of the media to influence which issue the public uses to asses its political leaders is
priming
59
True or False: Some people may have voted for Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election because they read a story on Facebook about Hillary Clinton selling weapons to ISIS.
True