Politics and Law Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the Separation’s of Power?
legislature, Executive and Judiciary
What is the role of the Legislature?
The branch of government responsible for making, amending and repealing legislation (laws).
What is the role of the Executive
The branch of government responsible for administering the laws (putting them into effect) passed by the legislature.
What is the role of the Judiciary?
The branch of government responsible for interpreting and applying the law when cases come before them.
What is the Constitutional Monarchy?
a system of government in which a A King or Queen is the official head of state but power is limited by a constitution.
What are the type of Elections in Australia?
House of Representatives and Senate.
What are House of Representative Elections?
3 year terms, preferential voting system, require an absolute majority to win, each electorate has roughly the same population.
What are Senate Elections?
6 year terms, proportional voting system, require a quote to win
each state has 12 seats, territories have 2.
Definition of Democracy
A process where citizens vote to choose their representatives in government.
What is the High Court in Australia?
The highest court in Australia established by the Constitution and the only court with the authority to interpret the Constitution.
What are the Division of Powers
Federal (Defence, military, trade
Immigration and citizenship) , State (Healthcare, schools and transportation), Local (Rubbish collection, Local roads, footpaths, and parks).
What is the Head of State?
The executive role that represents the people both nationally and internationally.
How is the Separation of Powers limited in Australia?
Prime Minister and Cabinet are in both the executive and legislative branch. Governor-General has both executive and legislative roles.
What is Australia’s Representative Democracy?
citizens vote to elect members of Parliament to make decisions and laws on their behalf.
What types of cases are heard in the High Court?
Constitutional cases and Appeals
What are some cases that were held in the High Court?
Voller Case, Chamberline case, Commonwealth vs ACT
What are the differences between Australia and Japan’s Government System?
elections: Australia - 18+ Australian citizen, its compulsory. Japan - Japanese’s 20+ citizen non-compulsory.All voting systems are proportional voting, their HOR has 480 seats and HOC(councils) has 242 seats.
What are similarities between Australia and Japan’s Government System?
Structure: Both followed by the Constitutional Monarchy system based on the British Westminster.
Referendum definition
A vote to change the constitution. Must achieve a double majority.
What is Preferential Voting?
Voters number the boxes in order of preference. The first person to reach an absolute majority wins the seat.
